Chemistry - The Molecular Science, Chap. 20

Front 1

Alpha particle

Back 1

Helium nuclei emitted at high speeds
Symbol: ⁴₂H
Charge: 2+

Front 2

Beta Particle

Back 2

Electrons emitted at high speeds
Symbol: ⁰₋₁ϐ
Charge: -1

Front 3

Gamma Radiation

Back 3

Electromagnetic radiation
Symbol: ⁰₀Υ
Charge: 0

Front 4

Alpha Emission

Back 4

The atomic numbr of the parent nucleus decreases by 2 units and the mass number decreases by 4 units

Front 5

Beta particle Emission

Back 5

Neutron turns into electron + proton; electron is emitted, and the atomic number icreases by 1.

Front 6

Radioactive series

Back 6

Successive transformations in which the emission of an elpha or beta particle results in the formation of an unstable, radioactive nucleus until a stable nucleus is finally produced

Front 7

Positron

Back 7

Positive electron - anti-matter

Front 8

α decay leads to . . .

Back 8

loss of 2 protons and 2 neutrons

Front 9

β decay leads to . . .

Back 9

loss of a neutron, gain of a proton

Front 10

Positron decay or Electron Capture leads to . . .

Back 10

Gain of a neutron, loss of a proton

Front 11

Positron

Back 11

Positively charged Electron
Symbol: ⁰₊₁e
Charge: +1

Front 12

Electron Capture

Back 12

Atomic Number is reduced by 1, but mass remains unchanged.

Front 13

Elements with ____ protons need ____ neutrons to hold them in the nucleus

Back 13

Elements with _more_ protons need _more_ neutrons to hold them in the nucleus

Front 14

If N/Z (mass number / atomic number) is high, we expect _____ in order to get to a more stable state

Back 14

If N/Z (mass number / atomic number) is high, we expect _decay_ in order to get to a more stable state

Front 15

Expect _____ decay in an isotope that has too many neutrons to be stable

Back 15

Expect _beta_ decay in an isotope that has too many neutrons to be stable

Front 16

Expect _____ ____ or ______ _______ in an isotope that has too few neutrons to be stable

Back 16

Expect _positron_ _emission_ or _electron_ _capture_ in an isotope that has too few neutrons to be stable

Front 17

Binding energy

Back 17

A measure if the force holding a nucleus together

Front 18

Eb (binding energy) =

Back 18

The negative energy that would occur if a nucleus were formed directly from its component protons and neutrons

Front 19

Half-life

Back 19

The time required for one half of a given quantity of the isotope to undergo radioactive decay

Front 20

Rate law for the rate of decay (half life)

Back 20

first order rate law equation:
ln[At] = -kt + ln[A0]

Front 21

Artificial Transmutations

Back 21

Changing one element into another by particle bombardment

Front 22

Nuclear fission

Back 22

A nuclear reaction in which the bombarded nucleus splits into two lighter nuclei

Front 23

Binding Energy - Formula

Back 23

ΔE = (Δm)c^2

Front 24

Binding Energy per Nucleon - formula

Back 24

(Binding Energy)
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# of nucleons