Chemistry Test One

Front 1

Atom

Back 1

Fundamental building block of matter

Front 2

Molecule

Back 2

two or more atoms joined in a specific geometrical arrangement

Front 3

Experiment

Back 3

Controled test to generate observations

Front 4

Law

Back 4

Summerizes past observations and predicts future ones

Front 5

Theory

Back 5

Models observations and predicts why

Front 6

Matter

Back 6

Anything that has mass and volume

Front 7

Solid

Back 7

Atoms or molecules packed together. move but cannot move past one another

Front 8

liquid

Back 8

Fixed volume but not shape molecules or atoms are close together, move past one another

Front 9

Gas

Back 9

no fixed volume/ shape. Space between molecules or atoms is large. Gas Particles move a lot

Front 10

Heterogenous mixture

Back 10

nonuniform compound

Front 11

Homogenous mixture

Back 11

homogeneous mix (solution)

Front 12

Mixture

Back 12

2 or more components physically combined propotions can vary from one sample from another

Front 13

element

Back 13

cannot be broken down to simpler substances chemically

Front 14

Compound

Back 14

can be broken down. composed of 2 or more elements chemically combined infixed proprotion

Front 15

Physical Change

Back 15

Change that alters the state or apperence, Does not change identity

Front 16

Chemical Change

Back 16

Property that a substance displays only by changing identity or composition

(you sometimes can see a chemical change through color, bubbles, heat, all which are physical changes)

Front 17

Energy

Back 17

the capacity to do work. work is force through a distance

Front 18

Law of Conservation of Energy

Back 18

Energy cannot be created nor destroyed only converted

Front 19

Derived unit

Back 19

They come from other units

Front 20

Law of conservation of mass

Back 20

in a chemical reaction, matter is neither created nor destroyed only rearanged

Front 21

Law of definite proportions

Back 21

All samples of a given compound have the same proportions of their constituent atoms

Front 22

Law of multiple proportions

Back 22

When 2 elements combine they man combine in multiple ratios

Front 23

Daltons atomic theory

Back 23

Each element is composed of

1. tiny indestructible particles called atoms

2. all atoms of a given element have same proportions

3. atoms can be comined in simple whole number ratios to form a compound

4. atoms of one element cannot change into atoms of another element

Front 24

Coulomb's law

Back 24

if the magnitude of the particle increase and the distance stays the same then the force increases

Front 25

What was Milikan known for

Back 25

Oil Drop experiment

Front 26

Neutrons

Back 26

Was Chadwick's discovery

Neutral

Front 27

Isotopes

Back 27

Which are atoms with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons

Same element different mass

Front 28

Atomic Number

Back 28

# of protons

Front 29

Mass number

Back 29

# of protons and # of neutrons

Front 30

Ions

Back 30

Atoms or molecules that carry charge

Front 31

Cations

Back 31

ions of positive charge

Front 32

anions

Back 32

ions with negative charge

Front 33

Isoelectric

Back 33

having or involving no net electric charge or difference in electrical potential.

Front 34

Weighted average of Natural Abudancies

Back 34

Not all isotopes are present in equal amounts

Front 35

Ionic

Back 35

Involves the transfer of electrons

Front 36

Covalent

Back 36

Involves the sharing of electrons

Front 37

Ionic bond

Back 37

usually between metal and nonmetal (or group of nonmetals)

Front 38

Polyatomic ions

Back 38

Group of covalently bound nonmetals that collectivelybehaves like an ion (they will carry charge)

Look for a metal and several nonmetals