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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is the name given to a change from solid to a gas or vice versa?
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sublimation
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define the term 'molecule'
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an electrically neutral group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds.
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the horizontal periods denote what in the periodic table?
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number of filled electron shells
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name the 4 features of a homologous series
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1. same functional group 2. members differ by -CH2- 3. same general formula 4. gradation in physical properties |
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what colour does phenolphthalein indicator turn in the presence of acid?
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colourless
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what colour does methyl orange indicator turn in the presence of acid?
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red |
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what colour does methyl orange indicator turn in the presence of a neutral substance?
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yellow
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what is the charge of the silver ion?
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Ag[+]
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what is the charge of the ammonium ion?
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NH4[+]
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what is the charge of the iron (II) ion?
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Fe[2+] |
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what is the charge of the copper ion?
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Cu[2+]
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what is the charge of the zinc ion?
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Zn[2+]
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what is the charge of the Nickel ion?
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Ni[2+]
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what is the charge of the iron (III) ion?
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Fe[3+]
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what is the hydroxide ion's charge?
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OH[-]
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what is the nitrate ion's charge?
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NO3[-]
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what is the carbonate ion's charge?
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CO3[2-]
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what is the charge of the sulfate ion?
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SO4[2-]
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what is the charge of the phosphate ion?
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PO4[3-]
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give the test and result for: potassium ions
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flame test>> produces lilac flame
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give the test and result for: the sodium ion
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flame test>> orange flame
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give the test and result for: the ammonium ion
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add NaOH>> ammonia is evolved (this will turn damp red litmus paper blue and have a chocking smell)
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give the test and result for: the copper ion
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add NaOH>> blue precipitate
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give the test and result for: the iron (II) ion
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add NaOH>> green precipitate |
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give the test and result for: the Chloride ion
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add silver nitrate>> white precipitate
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give the test and result for the Calcium ion
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flame test>> brick red flame
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give the test and result for: Bromide ions
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add silver nitrate>> cream precipitate
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give the test and result for: Iodide ions
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add silver nitrate>> yellow precipitate
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give the test and result for: sulfate ions
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add barium chloride + HCl>> white precipitate
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give the test and result for: carbonate ions
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add HCL>> CO2 evolved (which will turn limewater milky)
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state the conditions for the haber proccess
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- 450/oC temp - 200atm pressure - Fe catalyst |
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state the conditions for the contact proccess
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- 450/oC temp - 2 atm pressure - Vanadium (V) oxide catalyst |
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state the conditions for the catalytic hydration of ethene
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- 300/oC temp - 60 atm pressure - HP3O4 catalyst |
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state the conditions for the fermentation of glucose
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- 30/oC - yeast/zymase catalyst |
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state the conditions for the catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons
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- 650/oC temp - 60atm pressure - silica/alumina catalyst |
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state the conditions for the formation of polythene
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- 2000/oC temp - 200atm pressure - peroxide catalyst |
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name the 4 types of soluble salts
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1. all common salts of sodium, potassium & ammonium 2. all nitrates 3. all chlorides (except silver chloride) 4. all sulphates (excepet barium & calcium sulphate) |
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name the 3 types of insoluble salts
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1. silver chloride 2. barium & calcium sulphate 3. all carbonates (except sodium, potassium and ammonium carbonates) |
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to prepare salts of sodium, potassium and ammonium, what kind of salt preparation method would you use?
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titration
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to prepare any other soluble salts (apart from sodium potassium and ammonium), what method of salt prep would you use?
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neutralization
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to prepare insoluble salts, what kind of salt prep would you use?
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precipitation
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describe the 5 steps of a titration
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1. titrate known volume of acid against an alkali, using a burette, with an indicator to find neutralisation point 2. re-titrate with same volume of alkali 4. wash crystals in ethanol 5. dry with paper towell |
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describe the 5 steps of neutralization
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1. add excess insolule metal oxide/carbonate to an acid 3. crystallize filtrate 4. wash crystals in ethanol 5. dry with paper towell |
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describe the 5 steps of precipitation
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1. mix two soluble salts 2. insoluble salt is precipitated 3. filter off insoluble salt 4. wash in water 5. dry on filter paper |
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what is the correlation between ion charge magnitude and melting/boiling point
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the greater the charges in the ionic compound; the higher the melting/boiling point
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state the equation for % yield
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experimental yield ___________________ X100 theoretical yield |
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what colour change would there be when potassium bromide is added to chlorine water and why?
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solution goes orange as bromine is formed
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what colour change would there be when potassium iodide is added to chlorine water and why?
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solution goes dark grey as iodine is formed
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state the colour & state of fluorine at room temperature
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- gas - yellow |
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state the colour & state of chlorine at room temperature
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- gas - green |
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state the colour & state of bromine at room temperature
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- liquid w/ a vapour - liquid is dark red - vapour is brown |
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state the colour & state of iodine at room temperature
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- solid w/ a vapour - solid is dark grey - vapour is purple |
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state the equation for the lab prep of CO2
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CaCO3 + 2HCl = CaCl2 + H2O + CO2
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state the equation for the lab prep of O2
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2H2O2 =(MNO4 catalyst)= 2H2O + O2
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name the reactants for a condensation polymer
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- dicarboxylic acid - diamine |
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why is hydrogen chloride not an acid/ has no pH when dissolved in methylbenzene?
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H+ ions cannot dissociate
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name 3 advantages of using fermenting glucose as a method of producing alcolhol
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1. raw material is renewable 2. little energy required 3. suitable for human consumption |
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name 3 disadvantages of using fermenting glucose as a method of producing alcohol
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1. slow proccess 2. batch proccess 3. impure product |
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name 3 advantages of using the catalytic hydration of ethane as a way of producing alcohol
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1. v. pure product 2. v. concentrated product 3. continuous proccess |
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name 2 disadvantages of using the catalytic hydration of ethane as a way of producing alcohol |
1. finite resource 2. lots of energy required |
