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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the smallest representative unit of an element that retains all the characterstics of that element?
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The atom
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True or False? During a chemical reaction(nuclear reactions exempted)atoms and elements are not created nor do they disappear.
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true
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True or False? In a pure compund the number of atoms of each element is constant
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true
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What is found at the center of an atom and contains neutrons and protons?
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The nucleus
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Neutrons-no charge..true or false
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true
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True or false. Protons have a relative charge of +1 and have a mass of about 0.0005 dalton.
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False--Protons have a mass of about 1 dalton. Electrons have a relative charge of -1 and a mass of about 0.0005 dalton,
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What does the Pauli exclusion principle indicate?
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No two electrons in an atom may have exactly the same set of four quantum numbers
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What is ionization?
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The process of of ionizing the formation of ions by separating atoms or molecules or radicals or by adding or subtracting electrons from atoms by strong electric fields in a gas.
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P=
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pressure in atmospheres or torr
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V=
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volume in liters
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True or False. Within a homologous series of orgnanic compunds, the boiling point increases with molecular weight.
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True
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What does Graham's law state?
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The Rate of Diffusion is inversely proportional to the square root of the molecular weight.
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v=
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velocity
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m=
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molecular weight
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R=
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universal gas constant in appropriate units
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n=
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moles of the gas
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T=
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absolute temperature in Kelvin
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True or False. Polarize means to To separate or accumulate positive and negative electric charges in two distinct regions. Polarized objects have an electric dipole moment and will undergo torque when placed in an external electric field
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True
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What forces involve interaction between molecules on the basis of their polarizability.
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London-van Waals dispersion forces
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What is a hydrogen bond?
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strong dipole-dipole attraction between adjacent molecules
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A liquid at a temperature below its boiling point is subject to some of its molecules being vaporized by virtue of the fact that some molecules are sufficiently energetic to be converted into the gaseous state. The temperature of the liquid, however, is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the bulk liquid. True or False
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True
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What is the difference between a molecule and an atom?
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A molecule is the smallest unit of a compound that still retains the properties of the compound;an atom is the smallest unit of an element
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A particular chemical compound will always have the same percentage composition by weight. This is also known as the Law of ?
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The Law of Constant Composition
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When an aqueus solution is is placed on one side of a semipermeable membrane and pure water on the other side, there is a net movement of water across the membrane. The applied pressure required to produce a net movement of zero is called what?
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the osmotic pressure
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True or false A comparatively insoluble inorganic compound in water is not in equilibrium with its soluble ions.
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False--A comparatively insoluble inorganic compound in water is in equilibrium with its soluble ions...
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when an aqueous solution is placed one side of a semi-permeable membrane and pure water on the other side, there is net movement of water across the membrane. The applied pressure required to produce a net movement of zero is called the ?
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Osmotic Pressure
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What does Henry's Law state?
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The solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas in contact with the liquid.
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Gas solubility in a liquid decreases with increasing temperature. true or false
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true
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What type of acid donates a proton to an aqueous solution?
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Bronsted-Lowry acid
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What type of acid accepts an electron pair?
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Lewis Acid
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