Chemistry Review

Front 1

What is chemistry?

Back 1

Chemistry is the study of matter, its composition, and its interactions.

Front 2

chemical change

Back 2

the type of change that occurs when elements and/or compounds interact with each other to form different substances with different properties; involves rearrangement of atoms

Front 3

physical change

Back 3

a change, such as change of state, that does not alter the composition of matter

Front 4

physical property

Back 4

a property of a substance that can be observed without the substance changing

Front 5

qualitative property

Back 5

a property of matter that can be observed but cannot be precisely measured or expressed numerically (ex. colour, odour)

Front 6

quantitative property

Back 6

a property of matter that can be measured and expressed numerically (ex. density, boiling point)

Front 7

chemical property

Back 7

a property of a substance that can only be observed as the substance changes into another substance

Front 8

mixture

Back 8

a combination of two or more kinds of matter in which each component retains its own characteristics

Front 9

homogeneous

Back 9

a mixture in which the different components are mixed so that they appear to be a single substance, a solution

Front 10

heterogeneous

Back 10

a mixture in which the different components can be distinctly seen

Front 11

solution

Back 11

a homogeneous mixture of a solvent and one or more solutes

Front 12

pure substance

Back 12

a material that is composed of only one type of particle (ex. iron, water, sodium chloride)

Front 13

element

Back 13

a pure substance that cannot be broken down into smaller particles and retain the same properties

Front 14

compound

Back 14

a pure substance that is composed of two or more elements chemically combined in fixed proportions

Front 15

atom

Back 15

the basic unit of an element, which still retains the element's properties

Front 16

molecule

Back 16

a molecule is defined as an electrically neutral group of at least two atoms in a definite arrangement held together by very strong (covalent) chemical bonds

Front 17

atomic symbol

Back 17

a one or two letter abbreviation of the name of an element; also called element symbol

Front 18

chemical formula

Back 18

a representation, in atomic symbols and numerical subscripts, of the type and number of atoms that are present in a compound

Front 19

Who was Mendeleev?

Back 19

Mendeleev was a chemist during the late 1800s and early 1900s. He created the first periodic table of elements. He organized elements in order of increasing atomic mass. The more modern version of the table is organized by atomic number and the properties of each element.

Front 20

What is the periodic law?

Back 20

The periodic law states that the chemical and physical properties of the elements repeat in a regular, periodic pattern when they are arranged according to their atomic number.

Front 21

What is a "family" of elements?

Back 21

A family of elements is organized by column on the periodic table of elements. All the elements of a family contain similar properties (ex. silvery colour, brittle). They also all have the same number of valence electrons.

Front 22

What is a "period" of elements?

Back 22

A period is organized by row on the periodic table. All elements of a period contain the same amound of valence shells.