Chemistry Of Life Vocabulary Words

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Atom

Back 1

the basic unit of a chemical element.

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Carbohydrates

Back 2

any of a large group of organic compounds occurring in foods and living tissues and including sugars, starch, and cellulose. They contain hydrogen and oxygen in the same ratio as water (2:1) and typically can be broken down to release energy in the animal body.

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Cell

Back 3

the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism, typically microscopic and consisting of cytoplasm and a nucleus enclosed in a membrane. Microscopic organisms typically consist of a single cell, which is either eukaryotic or prokaryotic.

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Chromosomes

Back 4

a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.

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Compound

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a thing that is composed of two or more separate elements; a mixture.

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Diffusion

Back 6

the spreading of something more widely.

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Nucleic Acid

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a complex organic substance present in living cells, especially DNA or RNA, whose molecules consist of many nucleotides linked in a long chain.

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Element

Back 8

a part or aspect of something abstract, especially one that is essential or characteristic.

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Lipid

Back 9

any of a class of organic compounds that are fatty acids or their derivatives and are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents. They include many natural oils, waxes, and steroids.

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Macromolecule

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a molecule containing a very large number of atoms, such as a protein, nucleic acid, or synthetic polymer.

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Molecule

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a group of atoms bonded together, representing the smallest fundamental unit of a chemical compound that can take part in a chemical reaction.

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Multicelluar

Back 12

(of an organism or part) having or consisting of many cells.

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Osmosis

Back 13

a process by which molecules of a solvent tend to pass through a semipermeable membrane from a less concentrated solution into a more concentrated one, thus equalizing the concentrations on each side of the membrane.

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Protein

Back 14

any of a class of nitrogenous organic compounds that consist of large molecules composed of one or more long chains of amino acids and are an essential part of all living organisms, especially as structural components of body tissues such as muscle, hair, collagen, etc., and as enzymes and antibodies.