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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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ALDEHYDE |
a molecule containing an aldehyde functional group
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ANABOLIC PATHWAY |
a metabolic pathway in which new bio-molecules are built from smaller ones
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ANABOLISM |
any of the metabolic processes that include anabolic pathways.
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ANOMER |
A cyclic Sugar such as glucose that can form another, slightly different type of ring
Alpha and beta forms. |
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ANOMERIC CARBON
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Carbon 1 of a monosaccharide that combines to form a disacchride
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CARBOHYDRATE |
Any sacchride, large or small
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CATABOLIC PATHWAY |
A metabolic pathway in which the large bio-molecules in food are broken down into smaller molecules.
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CATABOLISM |
any metabolic process that includes catabolic pathways
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CATALYST |
A molecule that facilitates and therefore speeds up a chemical reaction
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DISAACCHARIDE |
a carbohydrate made p of two monomers. Also called a sugar or a simple sugar.
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ENZYME |
A biomolecule, usually a protein that acts as a catalyst; holds a substrate in a position in the active site, and distorts the substrate into a shape more like that of the transition state.
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FATTY ACID |
A simple type of lipid composed of a long carbohydrate chain with a carboxylicacid functional group attached at one end.
Considered non-polar |
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HYDROGENATED |
An addition reaction in which Hydrogen atoms are added across multiple bonds.
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INDUCED-FiT MODEL |
The model of enzyme-substrate interaction whereby the substrate is distorted as it binds to the enzymes active site in a ways that forces the substrates shape to be more like the transition states shape.
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KILOCALORIE |
traditional uniti for expressing energy.
1 kcal= 4.184 kJ |
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LIPD |
biological molecule that disolves readily in non-polar solvents; includes fats which are solid at room temp and oils which are liquids at room temp.
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LIPO-PROTEIN |
an enormous composite molecule that carries cholesterol through the bloodstream. LDL & HDL |
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METABOLIC PATHWAY |
Any series of reactions that take place in living organisms
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MONOSACCHARIDE |
A carbohydrate made up of only one monomer. Also called a sugar or simple sugar. |
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OLIGOSACCHARIDE |
A carbohydrate made up of between a few to about 100 monomers
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PHOSPHOLIPID |
molecule composed of a glycerol backbone with 2 fatty acid molecules attached and the third position of the glycerol backbone occupied by a phosphate group connected to some small organic group.
The primary lipid component of biological membranes. |
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POLYSACCHARIDE |
a carbohydrate made up of 100s-1000s of monomers. Complex Carb |
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REACTION COORDINATE |
A diagram that plots energy vs the progress of a chemical reaction.
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SACCHARIDE |
The monomer in a poly-saccharide, a single sugar unit
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SUBSTRATE |
a reactant in an enzymatic reaction
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TRANSITION STATE |
the shape into which a substrate must become distorted in order for a chemical reaction to proceed
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TRAICYLGLYCERIDE (TAG)
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A molecule that contains three fatty acids connected by glycerol. Triglyceride.
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