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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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*periodic trends
if it has radius in the name the trend is the same |
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____ is the most electronegative element
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flourine
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as the number of protons increases from left to right across the periodic table, individual electrons experience a stronger attractionto the increasingly positively charged nucleus.
as a result electrons are pulled closer to the nucleus and become more tightly bound to it decreasing the overall atomic/ionic size |
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Moving down a group on the periodic table, the outermost electrons become ____ ____ bound to the positively charged nucleus.
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less tightly bound
-because the number of filled electronenergy levels (rings) inreases downward within each group -because all electrons are repelled by other electrons the outer electrons are shielded form the positively charged nucleus by other electrons that are closer tothe nucelus |
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atomic radius increases or decreases left to down?
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increases
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____ los electrons and are smaller and positively charged
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cations
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____ gain electrons and are larger and negatively charged
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anions
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which reduces the force of attraction between the electrons and the nucleus? gaining or losing electrons
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gaining
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The greater the negative charge in the anion, the ____ the ionic radius will be
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greater
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____ ____ is the energy required to completely remove an electron from an atom or ion
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ionization energy
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the closer to the nucleus, the ___ the ionization energy will be
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higher
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Ionization energy ____ up and to the right on the periodic table
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increases (because the atomic radius gets smaller)
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____ is the measure of attraction of an atom for the electrons in a chemical bond
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electronegativity
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the higher the electronegativity, the ____ its attraction for bonding electrons
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greater
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Electronegativity is increases left to right like ionization energy
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EN ___ down a group
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decreases (because the increased atomic radius down a group, causing greater distance between valence electrons and the nucleus)
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What is electron affinity
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the energy released when an electron is added
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as you move from top to bottom on the periodic table, the electron affinity ____
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decreases, because the new electron will be further from the nucleus
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