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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Atom
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the smallest independent particle that can exist.
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An Element
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a substance made from one kind of atom and which has its own unique chemical properties.
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Location Of Protons In An Atom
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Nucleus
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Location Of Neutrons In An Atom
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Nucleus
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Location Of Electrons In An Atom
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In the shells
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Lightest Sub-Atomic Particle?
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Electrons
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In an atom, where is most of the mass found?
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In The Nucleus
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In an atom, where is most of the volume found?
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The Shells
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A Molecule Is?
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two or more atoms covalently bonded together
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A compound is?
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made from two or more different atoms chemically bonded.
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The atomic number of an element is?
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the number of protons contained in its nucleus
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The atomic mass of an element is?
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the number of protons and neutrons contained in its nucleus.
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Isotopes are?
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atoms of the same element therefore having the same number of protons (= same atomic number) but different number of neutrons and so different mass.
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Alpha radiation is?
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released during the radioactive decay of some isotopes. The nucleus decays (breaks up) to form another, lighter element plus a helium nucleus.
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Beta radiation is?
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is released during the radioactive decay of some isotopes. A neutron breaks down into a proton and an electron. The electron, which is called a beta particle, is lost from the atom.
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Half- Life?
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is the time that it takes for half the mass of a radioactive isotope to decay.
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Electronic Configuration is?
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the arrangement of electrons in an atom.
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An ion is?
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A charged atom
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What is a row of the periodic table called?
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A period
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What is a column of the periodic table called?
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A group
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A covalent bond is?
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When two non-metal atoms share a pair of valence electrons.
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An ionic bond is?
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A strong electrostatic attraction between two oppositely charged ions.
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A binary compound is?
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A compound made from two different elements.
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A polyatomic ion is?
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A charged molecule / a group of atoms chemically bonded and carrying a charge.
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An acid is?
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a substance that is able to donate hydrogen ions (H+)
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Properties of acids?
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1. Corrosive
2. Sour Tasting 3. pH less than 7 |
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Equation of a neutralization reaction
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Acid+Base = Water+Salt
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A base is?
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a substance that is able to accept hydrogen ions
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An alkali is?
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a base that can dissolve in water (a soluble base)
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A pH scale measures?
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the concentration of hydrogen ions on a logarithmic scale.
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A catalyst is?
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a substance that is able to speed up the rate of a chemical reaction without itself being consumed (it can be recovered at the end of the reaction. A catalyst lowers the activation energy needed for a reaction by offering a lower energy pathway.
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Activation energy is?
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minimum energy needed for successful collisions to occur between reactant molecules
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Avogadro's number is defined as?
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the number of particles in one mole of a substance
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A mole is?
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an amount of a substance equal to its atomic or molecular mass in grams.
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Molar mass is?
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the mass of 1 mole of a substance.
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A solvent is?
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a substance that can dissolve another substance. Water is the most common solvent.
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A solution is?
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made when a solute dissolves in a solvent.
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Concentration refers to?
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the amount of a substance / solute that can dissolve in a given volume of a liquid.
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