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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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compare the dual nature of light
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light can act as a particle or as a wave.
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what do the dots in a dot diagram represent?
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valence electrons
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describe the relationship between the number of valence electrons and the chemical properties of atoms.
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The valence electrons in an a Tom determine how that atom will react to other atoms, the lower the number of valence electrons the higher the reactivity, the higher the number of valence electrons the lower the reactivity.
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state the relationship between energy, frequency, and wavelength
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the greater the energy, the larger the frequency and the shorter the wavelength. via versa
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what shape would the molecule take? (group 14)
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tetrahedral
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what is the bond angle? (group 14)
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109.5°
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How many covalent bonds can a non-metal from group 15 form?
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3
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how many covalent bonds can a non-metal from group 14 form?
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4
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what shape would the molecule take? (group 15)
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triagonal pyramidal
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what is the bond angle? (group 15)
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107.3°
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how many covalent bonds can a non-metal from group 16 form?
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2
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what shape would the molecule take? (group 16)
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bent
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what is the bond angle (group 16)
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104.5°
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how many covalent bonds can a non-metal from group 17 form?
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1
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what shape would the molecule take? (group 17)
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linear
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what is the bond angle? (group 17)
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180°
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compare and contrast ionic bonds with covalent bonds.
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Covalent bonds consist of pairs of electrons shared by two atoms, and the atoms are in a fixed bond. The bond formed when one atom loses or gains el tons to or from another to form a cation (+) or an anion (-) is an ionic bond. a covalent bond is formed between two metals, an ionic bond is formed between a non-metal and a metal.
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what happens to the electrons in a covalent bond?
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the valence are shared between two metals to gain stability and an octet.
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what happens to the electrons in an ionic bond?
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one atom will lose electrons or gain them in order to get a stable octet. to lose a valence electron create a cation (+) to gain a valence electron creates an anion (-)
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how many electrons are shared in a single covalent bond?
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1 pair (2)
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how many electrons are shared in a double covalent bond?
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2 pairs (4)
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how many electrons are shared in a triple covalent bond?
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3 pairs (6)
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what is a polar covalent bond?
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type of chemical bond where a pair of electrons is UNEQUALLY shared between two atoms.
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explain why different colors of light result from electron behavior in the atom during a flame test
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atoms normally are in their calm state, called the ground state, but then they are excited, by heat for example, they emit colors, the color is the result of the amount of energy present in the electrons at that time. red has the highest energy level while black doesn't have an energy level.
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NaI
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Sodium Iodide
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LiHSO4
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lithium bisulfate
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Fe2O3
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Iron oxide
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CaCl2
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Calcium chloride
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(NH4) 2CO3
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Ammonium carbonate
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CoCl2
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Cobalt chloride
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Barium Sulfide
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BaS
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Ammonium Sulfate
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(NH4)2SO4
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Copper (II) bromide
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CuBr2
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Silver phosphide
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Ag3P
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Calcium nitrate
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Ca(NO3)2
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Lead (II) nitrate
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Pb(NO3)2
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describe the electronegativity trend as you move down a group and across a period.
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when going across a period the electronegativity increases, when your going down a group the electronegativity decreases.
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characterize ionic compounds in regards to melting point, boiling point, hardness, brittle ness and electrical conductivity when dissolved in water.
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my high melting and boiling point, hard, transfers electricity when melted or dissolved because the electrons are free to move.
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H2SO4
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Dihydrogen tetrasulfate
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HBr
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Hydrogen monobromide
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HNO3
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Hydrogen trinitrate
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HI
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Hydrogen Monoiodide
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