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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Electrolyte
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A solute that produces ions in solution; an electrolytic solution conducts an electric current
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Electrolytic cell
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A device in which a nonspontaneous oxidation-reduction reaction is caused to occur by passage of current under a sufficient external electrical potential
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Electromagnetic radiation
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A form of energy that has wave characteristics and that propagates through a vacuum at the characteristic speed of 3.00 X 10^8 meters per second
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Electrometallurgy
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the used of electrolysis to reduce or refine metals
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Electromotive force
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A measure of the driving force, or electrical pressure, for the completion of an electrochemical reaction, measured in volts
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Electron
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A negatively charged subatomic particle found outside the atomic nucleus; it is a part of all atoms
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Electron affinity
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The energy change that occurs when an electron is added to a gaseous atom or ion
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Electron capture
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A mode of radioactive decay in which an inner-shell orbital electron is captured by the nucleus
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Electron configuration
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A particular arrangement of electrons in the orbitals of an atom
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Electron density
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the probability of finding an electron at any particular point in an atom; this probability is equal to the square of the wave function
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Electron domain
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In the VSEPR model, regions about a central atom in which electrons are concentrated
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Electron-domain geometry
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The three-dimensional arrangement of the electron domains around an atom according to the VSEPR model
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Electronegativity
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A measure of the ability of an atom that is bonded to another atom to attract electrons to itself
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Electronic charge
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The negative charge carried by an electron; it has a magnitude of 1.602 X 10^-19 C
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Electronic structure
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The arrangement of electrons of an atom or molecule
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Electron-sea model
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A model for the behavior of electrons in metals
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Electron shell
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A collection of orbitals that have the same value of n
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Electron spin
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A propertyof the elctron that makes it behave as though it were a tiny magnet. The electron behaves as if it were spinning on its axis; electron spin is quantized
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Element
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A substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by chemical means
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Elementary reaction
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A process in a chemical reaction that occurs in a single event or step. An overall chemical reaction consists of one or more elementary reactions or steps
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Empirical formula
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A chemical formula that shows the kinds of atoms and their relative numbers in a substance in the smallest possible whole-number ratios
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Enentiomers
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Two mirror-image molecules of a chiral substance
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Endothermic process
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A process in which a system absorbs heat from its surroundings
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Energy
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The capacity to do work or to transfer heat
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