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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Deoxyribonucleic acid
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A polynucleotide in which the sugar component is deoxyribose
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Desalination
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the removal of salts from seawater, brine, or brackish water to make it fit for human consumption
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Deuterium
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The isotope of hydrogen whose nucleus contains a proton and a neutron
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Dextrorotatory, or merely dextro or d
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A term used to label a chiral molecule that rotates the plane of polarization of plane-polarized light to the right (clockwise)
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Diamagnetism
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A type of magnetism that causes a substance with no unpaired electrons to be weakly repelled from a magnetic field
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Diatomic molecule
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A molecule composed of only two atoms
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Diffusion
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The spreading of one substance through a space occupied by one or more other substances
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Dilution
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The process of preparing a less concentrated solution from a more concentrated one by adding solvent
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Dimensional analysis
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A method of problem solving in which units are carried through all calculations, it ensures that the final answer of a calculation has the desired units
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Dipole
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A molecule with one end having a slight negative charge and the other end having a slight positive charge; a polar molecule
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Dipole-dipole force
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The force that exists because of the interactions of dipoles on polar molecules in close contact
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Dipole moment
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a measure of the separation and magnitude of the positive and negative charges in polar molecules
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Displacement reaction
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A reaction in which an element reacts with a compound, displacing an element from it
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Disproportionation
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A reaction in which a species undergoes simultaneous oxidation and reduction
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Donor atom
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The atom of a ligand that bonds to the metal
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Doping
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Incorporation of a hetero atom into a solid to change its electrical properties
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Double bond
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A convalent band involving two electron pair
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Double helix
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The structure for DNA that involves the winding of two DNA polynucleotide chains together in a helical arrangement
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Downs cell
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A cell used to obtain sodium metal by electrolysis of molten NaCl
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Dynamic equilibrium
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A state of balance in which opposing processes occur at the same rate
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Effective nuclear charge
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the net positive charge experienced by an electron in a many electron atom; this charge is not the full nuclear charge becaues there is some shielding of the nucleus by the other electrons in the atom
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Effusion
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The escape of a gas through an orifice or hole
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Elastomer
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A material that can undergo a substantial change in shape via stretching, bending, or compression and return to its original shape upon release of the distorting force
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Electrochemistry
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The branch of chemistry that deals with the relationships between electricity and chemical reactions
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Electrolysis reaction
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A reaction in which a nonspontaneous redox reaction is brought about by the passage of current under a sufficient external electrical potential. the devices in which electrolysis reactions occur are called electrolytic cells
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