Chemistry Demonstration- Test 12/12/12

Front 1

Separating a mixture
Because mixtures are only together physically, they can be separated into their components parts how?

Back 1

by a physical processes such as heating.

Front 2

Define "mixture"

Back 2

physical combination of substances.

Front 3

Describe what happens to a MIXTURE when its heated.

Back 3

Some components of the mixture may reach their boiling point before others.

Front 4

Define BOILING POINT

Back 4

The temperature when a liquid becomes a gas.

Front 5

What happens during the BOILING POINT

Back 5

when this happens, liquids are converted to a gas and removed from the mixture. This vapor can then be collected and cooled back into a liquid through a process called condensation.

Front 6

Define CONDENSATION

Back 6

when a gas becomes a liquid

Front 7

What is the entire process of a mixture reaching a boiling point and condensing called?

Back 7

Distillation

Front 8

What can distillation be used for?

Back 8

to separate many different types of mixtures

Front 9

Give two important examples where the distillation process may be used...

Back 9

petroleum and ethanol spirits industries.

Front 10

How is petroleum distilled?

Back 10

crude oil is a liquid mixture that contains may components such as gasoline, kerosene, motor oil, tar, wax and diesel fuel. These components all have diferent boiling points. When the oil is heated up, each component is removed from the mixture as a gas at different times. The gas is then condensed back into a liquid through cooling in order to isolate the desired component.

Front 11

what type of matter is crude oil?

Back 11

heterogenous mixture

Front 12

How are ethanol spirits distilled?

Back 12

alcohol based drinks such as vodka, whiskey and gin are produced through a similar process
1.organic material (potato) is heated slowly to release ethanol vapors.
2. vapors are then cooled, condensed and collected to obtain liquid alcohol.

Front 13

what was the name of the people that made their own alcohol during prohibition?

Back 13

----during the prohibition period in the US, it was not legal to purchase alcohol. Many people, called " Moonshiners" built and operated their own distillation devices in order to produce illegal alcohol.

Front 14

what was the prohibition?

Back 14

when alcohol purchases were illegal in the United States.

Front 15

saltwater experiment:

what type of matter is salt water?

Back 15

homogenous mixture

Front 16

saltwater experiment:

what happens when salt water is heated?

Back 16

Once the boiling point of water is reached, water vapor will begin to leave the mixture. The gas (vapor) will then be collected and cooled so that it can be condensed into a liquid.

Front 17

saltwater experiment:

define: distilled water

Back 17

the result of the saltwater heating experiment. The resulting "condensate" of the water vapor will be pur distilled water. The solid sodium chloride (salt) will be separated from it and left behind isolated in the flask.

Front 18

what is sodium chloride

Back 18

salt

Front 19

why distill stuff anyway?

Back 19

the process can be used to produce pure drinking water from seawater, gasoline from oil and vodka from potatoes!!

Front 20

Make a sketch of the apparatus to be used and record observations.

Back 20

Front 21

label the apparatus used and record observations

Back 21

Front 22

what is the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons for the following isotopes?

Carbon with a mass of 12 no charge

Back 22

6 protons, 6 electrons, 6 neutrons

Front 23

what is the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons for the following isotopes?

magnesium with a mass of 24 charge = +2

Back 23

12 neutrons, 12 protons, 10 electrons

Front 24

what is the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons for the following isotopes?

chlorine with a mass of 35 charge = -1

Back 24

17 protons, 18 electrons, 18 neutrons

Front 25

Define:

chemical family

Back 25

In Chemistry, family refers to a group of elements with similar chemical properties.

Chemical families tend to be associated with the VERTICAL columns on the periodic table.

Front 26

isotope

Back 26

An isotope is an Atoms with the same number of protons, but differing numbers of neutrons. Isotopes are different forms of a single element.

Isotopes of a single element possess almost identical properties.

Front 27

atomic #

Back 27

The number of protons in an element.

Examples: The atomic number of hydrogen is 1; the atomic number of carbon is 6.

Front 28

atomic mass

Back 28

Atomic mass or atomic weight is the average mass of atoms of an element, calculated using the relative abundance of isotopes in a naturally-occurring element.

Examples: The atomic mass of carbon is 12.011; the atomic mass of hydrogen is 1.0079

Front 29

quark

Back 29

Any of a number of subatomic particles carrying a fractional electric charge, postulated as building blocks of the hadrons.

(OMG- Harrison my brain hurts from just copying that! 0.o

Front 30

half-life

Back 30

The time required to convert one half of a reactant to product. The term is commonly applied to radioactive decay, where the reactant is the parent isotope and the product is a daughter isotope.

Front 31

pure substance,

Back 31

A pure substance is a sample of matter with both definite and constant composition with distinct chemical properties.

Examples:
water, diamond, gold, table salt (sodium chloride), ethanol

Front 32

mixture

Back 32

two or more substances which have been combined such that each substance retains its own chemical identity.

Examples:
Flour and sugar may be combined to form a mixture.

Front 33

homogenous

Back 33

Homogeneous refers to a substance that is consistent or uniform throughout its volume.

Examples:
Air is considered a homogeneous mixture of gases.

Front 34

heterogeneous

Back 34

A heterogeneous mixtures is one which has a non-uniform composition.

Examples:
A mixture of sand and water is heterogenous. Concrete is heterogeneous.

Front 35

compound

Back 35

A compound is a chemical species that is formed when two or more atoms join together chemically, with covalent or ionic bonds.

Front 36

element

Back 36

A chemical element is a substance that cannot be broken down by chemical means. Elements are defined by the number of protons they possess.

Examples of Elements: copper, cesium, iron, neon

Front 37

for each of these tell the type of matter:

oxygen

Back 37

gas

Front 38

for each of these tell the type of matter:

outside air

Back 38

gas

Front 39

for each of these tell the type of matter:

lake water

Back 39

liquid

Front 40

for each of these tell the type of matter:

rain

Back 40

liquid

Front 41

for each of these tell the type of matter:

molasses

Back 41

you wrote: solid???

Harrison, I think this is a liquid. I have it in the kitchen. I'll show you.

Front 42

for each of these tell the type of matter:

chocolate cake with icing

Back 42

solid

Front 43

for each of these tell the type of matter:

fruitcake

Back 43

solid

Front 44

for each of these tell the type of matter:

orange juice with pulp

Back 44

you wrote: compound???

found online:
Heterogeneous mixture of more than one compound

Front 45

for each of these tell the type of matter:

reese's pieces

Back 45

???? I'm thinking solid.

Front 46

for each of these tell the type of matter:

grape juice

Back 46

liquid

Front 47

for each of these tell the type of matter:

grapefruit

Back 47

solid???

Front 48

for each of these tell the type of matter:

nitrogen monoxide

Back 48

Calcium chloride is a salt that is SOLID at room temperature.

Front 49

for each of these tell the type of matter:

calcium chloride

Back 49

Calcium chloride is a salt that is SOLID at room temperature.

Front 50

for each of these tell the type of matter:

sulfur

Back 50

At room temperature, pure sulfur is a crystalline SOLID that has a bright yellow color.

Front 51

for each of these tell the type of matter:

silicon

Back 51

Silicon is a SOLID at room temperature.

Front 52

for each of these tell the type of matter:

iron

Back 52

solid
metal

Front 53

what is the phase of matter of the following elements:

copper

Back 53

solid (in matter sense) , Metal (in chemical sense)

Front 54

what is the phase of matter of the following elements:

argon

Back 54

GAS

Front 55

what is the phase of matter of the following elements:

carbon

Back 55

Carbon is naturally a solid.

example: diamond, graphite

Front 56

what is the phase of matter of the following elements:

mercury

Back 56

liquid, metal

mercury is the only metal that is liquid
found in thermometers

Front 57

what is the phase of matter of the following elements:

iodine

Back 57

Iodine is fairly reactive and is never found in it's pure state. At room temperature, it is a SOLID which easily sublimes into a gas.

--you have it as a GAS on your sheet. but it goes by "solid" at this site: http://chemical-elements.sciencedaily.com/

Front 58

what is the phase of matter of the following elements:

nickel

Back 58

solid

metal

Front 59

what is the phase of matter of the following elements:

helium

Back 59

gas

Front 60

what is the phase of matter of the following elements:

lead

Back 60

solid

metal

Front 61

what chemical family are the following elements in?

lithium

Back 61

Alkali Metal

Front 62

what chemical family are the following elements in?

neon

Back 62

noble gas

Front 63

what chemical family are the following elements in?

chlorine

Back 63

halogen (salt-forming)

Front 64

what chemical family are the following elements in?

sodium

Back 64

Alkali Metal

Front 65

what chemical family are the following elements in?

calcium

Back 65

alkaline

Front 66

what chemical family are the following elements in?

francium

Back 66

alkali metal

Front 67

what chemical family are the following elements in?

krypton

Back 67

noble gas

Front 68

what chemical family are the following elements in?

fluorine

Back 68

halogen

Front 69

what chemical family are the following elements in?

argon

Back 69

noble gas