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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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solubility
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is the amount of that substance that can be disolved in a given quantity of solvent
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insoluble
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any substance with a solubility less than 0.01 mol/L
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which ions inperticular are soluble in water
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all common ionic compounds or the alkali metal ions (group 1A) and of the ammonium ion (NH4+)
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what must you do to predict whether a precipitate forms when we mix aqueous solutions of two strong electrolytes?
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1)note the ions present in the reactants
2) consider the possible combinations of the cations and anions 3)use table 4.1 to judge solubility |
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complete ionic equation
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an equation written with all soluble strong electrolytes shown as ions
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Spectator ions
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ions that appear in identical forms among both the reactants and products of a complete ionic equation
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what role do they play in the reaction
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they are present but play no direct role in the reaction
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net ionic equation
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are what is left after all spectator ions have been ommitted from the equation
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what does a net ionic equation include
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it only includes the ions and molecules directly involved in the reaction
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what is the first step for writing a net ionic equation
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write a balanced molecular equation for the reaction
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what is the second step for writing a net ionic equation
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rewrite the equation to show the ions that form in solution when each soluble stong electrolyte dissociates or ionizes into is component ions. only strong electrolytes dissolved in aqueous solution are written in ionic form
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Acids and bases are...
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common electrolytes
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acids
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are substances that ionize inaqueous solutions to form hydrogen ions, thereby increasing the concentration of H+ ions.
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why is H+ simply a proton
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beacuse a hydrogen atom consists of a proton and an electron
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Acids are often called what
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proton donors
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Bases are
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substances that accept H+ ions.
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What do bases produce and when
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they produce hydrogen ions when they dissolve in water
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Can compounds that do not contain OH- ions be bases
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yes they are
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What happens to ammonia when it is added to water
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it accepts an H+ ion from the water molecule and thereby produces an OH- ion
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Strong acids and bases are
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acids and bases that are stron electrolytes (completely ionized in solution)
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when are strong acids more reactive than weak acids
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when the reactivity depends only on the concentration of H-
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NH3
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is a weak base
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what is a neutralization reaction
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when a solution of an acid and that of a base are mixed
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what characteristic properties does the product of the reaction have
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the products of the reaction have none of the characteristic properties of either the acidic or the basic solutions
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what does the term salt mean
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any ionic compound whose cation comes from a base
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what reaction produces water and salt
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a neutraliztion reaction between an acid and a metal hydroxide
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what happens in precipitation reaction
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cations and anions come together to form an insoluble ionic compound
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what is corrosion
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the conversion of a metal into a metal compound by a reaction between the metal and some substance in its environment
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what happens when a metal corrodes
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it loses electrons and forms cations
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loss of electrons by a substance is called what
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oxidation
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