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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Matter
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anything that occupies space and has a mass.
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What is Energy?
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the ability to do work
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what are the 2 types of energy?
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Potential energy( stored) and Kinetic energy(energy in motion).
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Forms of energy?
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chemical, electrical, mechanical, radiant.
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Atomic Structure
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smallest particle of an element.
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What is a :
proton electron neutron |
positive charge atom
neg. charge neutrual |
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What is the atomic number?
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number of protons equal to the number of electrons.
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Radioisotopes
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atoms witht he same number of protons but different number of neutrons. usall unstable but very usefull.
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What is a molecule?
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to or more atoms chemically combined.
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what is a Mixtures
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substances composed of 2 or more components "physically intermixed"
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what is a solute?
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substance being dissolved
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what is a solvent
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dissolving medium (what is being dissolved in)
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what is a ionic bond?
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unequal sharing electrons
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what is a covalent bond?
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equal sharing electons
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what is polar covalent bond?
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equal sharing of electrons with a little greed. water is very polar.
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to synthesis something means to do what?
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takeing to reactents and makeing them one
a +b =ab |
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to decompositions means to do what?
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ab= a+b (hydrolysis) taking apart someting and makeing 2.
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what is exothermic?
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reactions that release energy. ( humans)
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what is endothermic?
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energy absorbing reactions (plants)
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factors that influence tate of chemical reactions are?
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temperature, concerntration, prarticale size, catalysts
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what is the ph of blood?
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7.4 (is very neutral)
0-6 is a strong acid 7 neutral 8-14 strong base |
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what is the function of carbohydrates?
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energy for most living things and gives structural support for plants.
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what is a momosaccharide?
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mono (one)
glucose fructose galactose |
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what is a disaccharides?
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di( 2)
sucrose= glucose +fructose lactose= glucose+ galactose maltose= glucose+ glucose |
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polysaccharides
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poly (means many)
starch cellulose glycogen |
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What are Lipids?
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its funtion is to provide long term energy, insulations, cell parts and cell secretions.
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what are Fats?
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3 fatty acides held together with glycerol molecule and triglycerides
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what is unsaturated fats?
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do not contain all hydrogen possible. they have double bonds. very easy to digest
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saturated fats?
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contain hydrogen as it possible can.NO DOUBLE BONDS. DIFFICULT TO DIGEST.
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phospholipids what are they?
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hydrophilic phosphate head and two hydrophobic lipid tails. scene in cell membrane.
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steroids
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specail fats that form 4 fused carbon rings.
cholesterol anabolic steroids |
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Proteinds
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a complex chain of amino acids.
amino aids have 20 different acides that are all the "same" |
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What links amino acides together
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peptide bonds. hold together in a very specific sequence.
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what are the 4 structures that begins to unfold
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primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary.
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What are to types of folds that can be exstablished during potein process?
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alpha helix (sprial) and pleated (beta) (back and forth motoin)
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what a fbrouse proteinds?
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long strands of proteinds provide strength and mechanical support
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what are globular proteins?
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compact spherical proteins, lso called functional protens. the make great enzymes, good example is amylase and hemoglobin.
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