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134 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cu +1
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Copper (I) ion
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Cu +2
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Copper (II) ion
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Fe +2
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Iron (II) ion
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Fe +3
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Iron (III) ion
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Hg +2 sub 2
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Mercury (I) ion
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Hg +2
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Mercury (II) ion
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Pb +2
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Lead (II) ion
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Pb +4
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Lead (IV) ion
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Sn +2
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Tin (II) ion
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Sn +4
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Tin (IV) ion
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Cr +2
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Chromium (II) ion
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Cr +3
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Chromium (III) ion
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Mn +2
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Manganese (II) ion
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Mn +3
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Manganese (III) ion
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Co +2
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Cobalt (II) ion
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Co +3
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Cobalt (III) ion
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H2PO(-1)4
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Dihydrogen phosphate
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C2H3O2(-1)
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Acetate
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HSO3(-1)
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Hydrogen sulfite
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HSO4(-1)
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Hydrogen sulfate
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HCO3(-1)
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Hydrogen carbonate
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NO2(-1)
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Nitrite
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NO3(-1)
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Nitrate
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CN(-1)
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Cyanide
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OH(-1)
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Hydroxide
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MnO4(-1)
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Permanganate
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ClO2(-1)
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Chlorite
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ClO3(-1)
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Chlorate
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ClO(-1)
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Hypochlorite
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ClO4(-1)
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Perchlorate
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HPO4(-2)
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Hydrogen phosphate
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C2O4(-2)
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Oxalate
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SO3(-2)
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Sulfite
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SO4(-2)
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Sulfate
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CO3(-2)
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Carbonate
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CrO4(-2)
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Chromate
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Cr2O7(-2)
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Dichromate
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SiO3(-2)
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Silicate
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PO4(-3)
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Phosphate
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PO3(-3)
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Phosphite
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NH4(-1)
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Ammonium
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Diatomic ions
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H(+1), N(-3), O(-2), F(-1), Cl(-1), Br(-1), I(-1)
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Chromium
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Plus 2, 3
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Manganese
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Plus 2, 3
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Iron
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Plus 2, 3
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Cobalt
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Plus 2, 3
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Nickel
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Plus 2
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Copper
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Plus 1, 2
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Zinc
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Plus 2
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Silver
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Plus 1
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Mercury
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Plus 1(in pairs), 2
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Tin
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Plus 2, 4
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Lead
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Plus 2, 4
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IA
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Alkali metals
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IIA
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Alkaline Earth Metals
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IIIA
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Aluminum/Boron family
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VA
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Nitrogen family
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VIA
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Oxygen family
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VIIA
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Halogens
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VIIIA
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Noble Gases
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Matter
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Anything that has mass and takes up space
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Solid to liquid
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Melt
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Liquid to gas
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Evaporate
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Liquid to solid
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Freeze
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Same composition throughout
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Pure Substance
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Cannot be separated by physical means
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pure substance
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elements
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pure substance
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compounds
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2 or more atoms of different elements chemically combined
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definite density
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pure substance
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definite melting/freezing/boiling point
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pure substance
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definite color
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pure substance
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Law of Definite Composition
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compounds always have some composition by mass
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Law of Multiple Proportions
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possible to make more than one compound from same combination of elements
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Carbon Compounds:
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Methane, Ethane Ethlyene
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Composed of 2 or more pure substances with any random combination
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mixture
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2 or more parts with different composition
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mixture
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can be separated by physical means
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mixture
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homogeneous
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appears to be a pure substance instead of a mixture; can only see one composition
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salt water/sugar water
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homogeneous mixture
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heterogeneous
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can see definite differences in particles making up mixture
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muddy water
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heterogeneous mixture
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definite density
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homogeneous mix
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different melting/boiling points
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homogeneous mixture
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no definite density
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heterogeneous mix
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color changes
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heterogeneous mix
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no definite melting/boiling points
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heterogeneous mix
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any composition
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heterogeneous mix
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distillation
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evaporate ->condense, chemicals added to purify water
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electrolysis
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separation of water & something by electricity
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gain electrons
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nonmetals
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gain one electron
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halogens
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gain 2 electrons
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oxygen family
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gain 3 electrons
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nitrogen family
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lose electrons
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metals
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lose 1 electron
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alkali metals
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lose 2 electrons
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alkaline earth metals
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lose 3 electrons
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aluminum family
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Na(+1)Cl(-1)
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Sodium chloride
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compound with only 2 elements
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binary compound
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elements that can have more than one ionic charge
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transition metals
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group of atoms chemically bonded together that can act as a single ion because of a lack of electrons or excess of electrons
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polyatomic ions (anions)
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Mg(+2) (NO3)2(-1)
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Magnesium Nitrate
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-ate
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most common form
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-ite
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one less than common
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hypo-
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two less than common
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per-
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one more than common
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high melting/boiling points
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ionically bonded substance
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form crystalline solids
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ionically bonded substances
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conduct electricity when dissolved in water
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ionically bonded substances
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conduct electricity when in liquid state
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ionically bonded substances
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overlapping orbitals to share an electron
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covalent bond
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covalent bonds form
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molecules
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diatomic molecules
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H2, N2, O2, F2, Cl2, Br2, I2
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covalently bonded nonmetals use
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prefixes
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one
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mono
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two
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di
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three
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tri
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four
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tetra
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five
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penta
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six
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hexa
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seven
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hepta
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eight
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octa
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nine
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nano
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ten
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deca
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class of compounds that always donate a hydrogen ion
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acids
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HCl
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hydrochloric acid
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H2SO4
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Sulfuric acid
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car battery
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sulfuric acid
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HNO3
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nitric acid
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H2CO3
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carbonic acid
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soda pop
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carbonic acid
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good conductors of electricity
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metals
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salt producers
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halogens
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elements dull and brittle as solids
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nonmetals
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