Chemistry Chapters 2, 3, 4, 6 Vocab

Front 1

Chemical Change

Back 1

a change that produces matter with a different composition than the original matter

Front 2

Chemical Property

Back 2

the ability of a substance to undergo a specific chemical change

Front 3

Physical Change

Back 3

when some properties of a material change, yet the composition of the material does not change

Front 4

Physical Property

Back 4

quality or condition of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the substance’s composition

Front 5

Intensive property

Back 5

property that depends on the type of matter, not the quantity

Front 6

Extensive property

Back 6

property that depends on the quantity of matter, not just the type

Front 7

Substance

Back 7

matter that has a uniform and definite composition

Front 8

Element

Back 8

simplest form of matter that has unique set of properties

Front 9

Compound

Back 9

a substance that contains 2 or more elements chemically combined in a fixed proportion

Front 10

Matter

Back 10

anything that takes up space and has mass

Front 11

Solution

Back 11

a homogenous mixture that has a uniform composition

Front 12

Heterogeneous mixture

Back 12

mixture in which the composition is not uniform throughout

Front 13

Accuracy

Back 13

measure of how close a measurement comes to the actual or true value of whatever is measured

Front 14

Precision

Back 14

measure of how close measurements are to one another

Front 15

Significant figures

Back 15

way of reading measurements to compensate for the least accurate measurements involved

Front 16

Dimensional analysis

Back 16

way to analyze and solve problems using the units, or dimensions, of the measurements

Front 17

Density

Back 17

intensive property that depends on ratio of mass of an object to its volume

Front 18

Scientific notation

Back 18

way of expressing extremely large or small numbers by writing numbers as a product of two numbers

Front 19

Atom

Back 19

the smallest particle of an element that retains its identity in a chemical reaction

Front 20

Atomic Number

Back 20

the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of an element

Front 21

Electron

Back 21

negatively charged subatomic particles

Front 22

Isotope

Back 22

atoms with same numbers of protons but different amounts of neutrons

Front 23

Neutron

Back 23

subatomic particles with no charge but with mass nearly equal to that of a proton

Front 24

Nucleus

Back 24

the tiny central core of an atom composed of protons and neutrons

Front 25

Proton

Back 25

positively charged subatomic particles

Front 26

Atomic Radius

Back 26

one half the distance between the nuclei of two atoms of the same element when the atoms are joined

Front 27

Ionization Energy

Back 27

the energy required to remove an electron from an atom, measured in kJ/mol

Front 28

Metalloids

Back 28

elements with properties similar to those of metals and those of nonmetals

Front 29

Periodic Law

Back 29

When elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, there is periodic repetition of their physical and chemical properties

Front 30

Representative element

Back 30

Elements in Groups 1A through 7A in the periodic table. Displays wide range of physical and chemical properties

Front 31

Electronegativity

Back 31

ability of an atom of an element to attract electrons when the atom is in a compound