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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Natural laws
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concise statements, often in mathematical form, about natural phenomena.
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induction
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the form of reasoning in which a general statement or natural law is inferred from a set of observations
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Hypothesis
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a tentative explanation of a natural law
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Theory
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a model or way of looking at nature that can be used to explain natural laws and make further predictions about natural phenomena
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Scientific Method
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the combination of observation, experimentation and the formulation of laws, hypotheses, and theories
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Paradigm
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a pattern of thinking about their field
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Matter
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anything that occupies space and displays properties of mass and intertia
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Composition
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refers to the parts or components of a sample of matter and their relative proportions
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Properties
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those qualities or attributes that we can use to distinguish one sample of matter from others
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Physical Property
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one that a sample of matter displays without changing its composition
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Malleable
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solids that can be hammered into a thin sheet of foil
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Physical Change
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physical properties of the same may change, but its composition remains unchanged.
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Chemical change
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converted to new kinds of matter with different compositions
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Chemical Property
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ability (or inability) of a sample of matter to undergo change in composition under stated conditions
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Atoms
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matter made up of very tiny units
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Element
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each different type of atom is the building blocks to different chemical elements
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Compounds
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substances compromised of atoms of two or more elements joined together
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Molecule
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The smallest entity having the same proportions of the constituent atoms as does the compounds as a whole.
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Substances
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should only be used in terms of elements and compounds.
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mixture
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of substances can vary in composition and properties from one sample to another.
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homogeneous mixture
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one that is uniform in composition and properties throughout
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heterogeneous mixture
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the components separate into distinct regions. not the same throughout.
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filtration
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the process of separating a solid from the liquid in which it is suspended
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chromatography
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differing abilities of compounds to adhere to the surfaces of various solid substances, such as paper and starch
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liquid
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the atoms or molecules are usually separated by somewhat greater distances than in a solid
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gas
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distances between atoms or molecules are much greater than in a liquid
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quantitative
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measure a property of a substance and compare it with a standard having a known value of hte property
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SI units
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systeme internationale d'unites (international system of units)
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tera
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10^12
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giga
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10^9
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mega
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10^6
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kilo
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10^3
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hecto
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10^2
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deca
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10^1
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deci
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10^-1
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centi
milli micro nano pico |
10^-2
10^-3 10^-6 10^-9 |
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mass
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describes the quantity of matter in an object
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weight
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the force of gravity on an object
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Celsius
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scale, the melting point of ice is at 0 degrees C, the boiling point is at 100 degrees C.
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Fahrenheit
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melting point at 32 F and boiling at 212 F
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Kelvin
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-273.15 is lowest temp. absolute temp
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Kelvin from celsius
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T(k)= t(*C) + 273*
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Fahrenheit from Celsius
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t(F*)=9/5 t (C*) + 32
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celsius from fahrenheit
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t(*C) = 5/9 [t (F*) -32 ]
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