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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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atomic orbital
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a region of space in which an electron in an atom has a 90 percent chance of being located
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atomic spectrum
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the pattern of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation emitted by the atoms of the element
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conceptual model
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a representation of a system that helps us predict how the system behaves
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effective nuclear charge
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the nuclear charge experienced by outer-shell electrons, diminished by the shielding effect of inner-shell electrons
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electromagnetic spectrum
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the complete range of waves:
gamma rays, x-rays, U.V, Visible light, Infared rays, microwaves, (radar) |
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atomic orbital
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a region of space in which an electron in an atom has a 90 percent chance of being located
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atomic spectrum
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the pattern of frequencies of of electromagnetic radiation emitted by the atoms of the element
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conceptual model
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a representation of a system that helps us predict how the system behaves
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effective nuclear charge
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the nuclear charge experienced by outer-shell electrons, diminished by the shielding effect of inner-shell electrons
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electromagnetic spectrum
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the complete range of waves:
gamma rays, x-rays, U.V, Visible light, Infared rays, microwaves, (radar) |
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electron configuration
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the arrangement of electrons in the orbitals of an atom
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energy-level diagram
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drawing used to arrange atomic orbitals in order of energy levels
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inner-shell shielding
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the tendency of inner-shell electrons to partially shield outer-shell electrons from the nuclear charge
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ionization energy
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the amount of energy required to remove an electron from an atom
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photon
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another term for a single quantum of light, a name chosen to emphasize the particulate nature of light
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electron configuration
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the arrangement of electrons in the orbitals of an atom
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energy-level diagram
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drawing used to arrange atomic orbitals in order of energy levels
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inner-shell shielding
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the tendency of inner-shell electrons to partially shield outer-shell electrons from the nuclear charge
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ionization energy
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the amount of energy required to remove an electron from an atom
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photon
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another term for a single quantum of light, a name chosen to emphasize the particulate nature of light
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physical model
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a representation of an object on some convenient scale
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principal quantum number "n"
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an integer that specifies the quantized energy level of an atomic orbital
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probability cloud
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the pattern of electron positions plotted over time to show the likelihood of an electron's being at a given position at a given time
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quantum
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a small, discrete packet of light energy
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quantum hypothesis
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the idea that light energy is contained in discrete packets called quanta
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spectroscope
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a device that uses a prism or diffraction grating to separate light into its color components
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wave frequency
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a measure of how rapidly a wave oscillates
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wavelength
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the distance between two crests of a wave
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principle energy level
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areas where there are major concentrations of elements
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sub levels
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shapes with orientation where elements are found
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order of fill (numbers)
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1s 2s2p 3s3p 4s3d4p 5s4d5p 6s4f5d6p 7s5f6d7p
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order of fill (blanks)
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1 1 3 1 3 1 5 3 1 5 3 1 7 5
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orbital notation of each sublevel:
s p d f |
1
3 5 7 |
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Hund's Rule
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before a second electron can be placed in any orbital, all the orbitals of that sublevel must contain at least one electron
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AufBau Principle
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each added electron is placed in the sublevel of lowest energy (closed to nucleus)
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