Chemistry Chapter 3- The Atom

Front 1

Who said "Atoms of the same element are identical, but they differ from those of any other element."

Back 1

Dalton

Front 2

Who concluded that all atoms contained electrons and that the electrons of all atoms were identical in their properties?

Back 2

Faraday

Front 3

Who discovered radioactivity?

Back 3

Becquerel

Front 4

Who first proposed that matter is composed of tiny indivisible particles?

Back 4

Democritus

Front 5

Who discovered that Nuclear Model of the Atom?

Back 5

Rutherford

Front 6

Who proved that matter is neither created nor destroyed in chemical reactions?

Back 6

Lavoiser

Front 7

Who stated that atoms contain particles with electrical charges?

Back 7

Thompson

Front 8

Who proposed that every compound consisted of the same elements in the same proportions by mass?

Back 8

Proust

Front 9

What experiment proved the discovery and characterization of the nucleaus?

Back 9

Bombardment of Gold Foil with Alpha Particles

Front 10

What experiment proved the measurement of Mass and Charge of electrons?

Back 10

Oil-drop experiment

Front 11

What experiment showed that all atoms have electrons and that electrons from one element and no different than electrons from another element?

Back 11

Cathode ray tube experiment

Front 12

What experiment proved that there are 2 types of electrical charges: Positive and negative?

Back 12

Flying a kite in a thunderstorm

Front 13

What experiment proved that atoms can be imaged by tracing the outer borders of their electron clouds?

Back 13

Scanning Tunneling Microscope

Front 14

Mass number-Atomic Number=?

Back 14

Neutron Number

Front 15

Nuclear reaction which occurs on the sun

Back 15

Strong Nuclear Force

Front 16

Escape of particles and energy from an unstable nucleaus

Back 16

Radioactivity

Front 17

Average mass of the atoms of an element

Back 17

Atomic Mass

Front 18

Number of protons-number of electrons=?

Back 18

Charge of atom or ion

Front 19

The Nucleus which is left over after radioactive decay?

Back 19

Daughter

Front 20

A large Nucleus splits into 2 smaller nuclei

Back 20

Fission

Front 21

Identity of element is established by its...?

Back 21

Atomic Number

Front 22

High energy light waves which escape from a radioactive nucleus

Back 22

Beta Particles

Front 23

The location of all the protons & Neutrons in the atom

Back 23

Nucleus

Front 24

Atoms which have gained or lost electrons

Back 24

ions

Front 25

the smallest part of an element which can still have the properties of that element

Back 25

Atom

Front 26

Helium ions which escape from radioactive nuclei

Back 26

Alpha particles

Front 27

Particles which travel from the negative to the positive electrode in a glass tube- now called "electrons"

Back 27

Cathode rays

Front 28

Chemical reactions do not create or destroy atoms- they just re-arrange them

Back 28

law of conservation of mass

Front 29

Attraction between protons and neutrons in a nucleus

Back 29

Fusion

Front 30

1/12 the mass of a Carbon-12 atom

Back 30

Atomic mass unit

Front 31

Electrons which escape from radioactive nuclei

Back 31

Beta particles

Front 32

Helium ions which escape from radioactive nuclei

Back 32

Alpha particles

Front 33

A given compound always has the same percentage of its elements by mass

Back 33

Law of constant composition

Front 34

Particles which travel from the negative to the positive electrode in a glass tube- now called "electrons"

Back 34

Cathode rays

Front 35

Chemical reactions do not create or destroy atoms- they just re-arrange them

Back 35

law of conservation of mass

Front 36

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons

Back 36

isotopes

Front 37

Sub-atomic particles which have no electrical charge

Back 37

Gamma rays

Front 38

Attraction between protons and neutrons in a nucleus

Back 38

Fusion

Front 39

1/12 the mass of a Carbon-12 atom

Back 39

Atomic mass unit

Front 40

Decay, transmutation, fission, and fusion are types of...

Back 40

Nuclear reactions

Front 41

Electrons which escape from radioactive nuclei

Back 41

Beta particles

Front 42

A given compound always has the same percentage of its elements by mass

Back 42

Law of constant composition

Front 43

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons

Back 43

isotopes

Front 44

Sub-atomic particles which have no electrical charge

Back 44

Gamma rays

Front 45

Decay, transmutation, fission, and fusion are types of...

Back 45

Nuclear reactions

Front 46

Protons+neutrons=?

Back 46

Mass number

Front 47

Using examples, explain how isotopes are related to the atomic mass of an element.

Back 47

Isotopes are atoms that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. Neutrons are 1/2 the atomic mass so you can conclude that the most common element is the same number as its atomic mass

Front 48

Using examples, explain how an atom becomes an ion

Back 48

Atoms are electrically neutral therefore in an atom # of protons= # of electrons. An ion is when an atom gaines or looses an electron.
More protons than neutrons= positive charge
More neutrons than protons= negative charge

Front 49

Explain the different between a stable nucleus and a radioactive nucleus. Describe the role of the neutron in making the nucleus stable

Back 49

Stable- neutrons are being held together and are doing their job.
Radioactive- 83 or more neutrons. It is unstable and arent being held in the nucleus.