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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Matter?
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Anything that has mass and occupies space
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What are the two types of Matter?
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Homogeneous Matter and Heterogeneous Matter
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What are the properties of Homogeneous Matter?
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Its properties are uniform throughout
Its composition is uniform throughout It exists in only ONE phase |
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What are the properties of Heterogeneous Matter?
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Its properties are NOT uniform throughout
Its composition is NOT uniform throughout It exists in TWO or MORE phases |
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What are the two types of Homogeneous Matter?
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Pure Substances and Homogeneous Mixtures
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What are the properties of a Pure Substance?
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It has a definite composition
It has a constant composition It has definite properties It has constant properties |
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Why is NaCl (table salt) a Pure Substance?
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It has a definite and constant composition, meaning sodium chloride is always just composed of a sodium atom and chloride atom bonded together
Salt has definite and constant properties (boiling point, melting point, etc) |
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What are some examples of PROPERTIES of matter?
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Boiling point, melting point, density
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What are Homogeneous Mixtures composed of?
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Two or more substances, where the substances present in the mixture blend together to form one substance, meaning only one PHASE is present
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Difference between Homogeneous Mixtures and Pure Substances
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Pure substance is made up of only one substance, but also, Homogeneous Mixtures have NO DEFINITE OR CONSTANT COMPOSITION
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What do you mean by COMPOSITION of a mixture?
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You mean the proportions of the different substances that make it up, e.g. 78% N, 21% O, etc
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What is an example of a Homogeneous Mixture?
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AIR. It all exists in one phase (no layers, looks the same), but its composition varies depending on the place. Outside its X% nitrogen, Y% oxygen, z% CO2, etc
Or if you opened a tank of Oxygen in a room, the proportion of Oxygen would rise while the proportion of the other gases would fall. Whatever the case, the air still physically looks no different, even though its composition is changing The different components of the air will always be uniformly distributed, i.e. you'll never have O2 by the ceiling and CO2 on the floor. |
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A Solution is what type of matter?
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A Homogeneous Substance
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What Can Solutions be?
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Gases, Liquids, or Solids dissolved in Liquids
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Solutions are composed of?
How many phases? |
Two or more substances
Solutions exist as only one phase |
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Give an example of a solid dissolved in a liquid
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Table salt dissolved in water, of which there is a limit to how much salt can be dissolved in a given amount of water
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Give an example of a liquid dissolved in another liquid
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Scotch in water, where scotch is the solute and water is the solvent (no limit to their proportion, unlike salt water)
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Give an example of a gas in a liquid solution
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Soda, which is just CO2 dissolved in water. There is a limit to how much gas can be dissolved in a given amount of water.
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What are Pure Substances divided into?
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Elements and Compounds/Molecules
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What is an Element?
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An element is basically a single atom of a pure substance, meaning it can't be decomposed any further than it is while still retaining all the properties of that element
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An Element is a collection of what?
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Atoms, all of the SAME kind (i.e. C is composed of carbon atoms only)
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What is an Atom?
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The smallest particle of an element that retains all the properties of the said element.
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What are Compounds/Molecules?
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Two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds
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Aside from being made up of multiple atoms, how else are Compounds different from Atoms?
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B/C they can be broken down into smaller substances by chemical means
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What is the difference between a Compound and a Molecule?
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A Compound is atoms held together by Ionic bonds, while a Molecule is atoms held together by Covalent bonds
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What is Heterogeneous Matter?
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Matter that has TWO OR MORE phases, and has neither uniform properties nor composition throughout
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Give an example of a Heterogeneous Mixture
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A salt and sand mixture. Sand is one color and shape, Salt is another. They are easily distinguishable from one another, hence the matter exists in more than one phase.
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What else is different about Heterogeneous Mixtures?
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Its much easier to separate Heterogeneous mixtures into their components than Homogeneous mixtures (separate salt from sand by adding water to the mixture--salt dissolves)
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