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64 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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atoms make up
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elements
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elements are made up of
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atoms
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______in an atom have hardly any weight at all
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electrons
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the atomic number is the number of
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protons and there for electrons
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#protons =
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#of electrons
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atomic mass is the mass of
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protons and neutrons
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ionic bonds
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give up electronsor steal them
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covalent bond
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share electrons
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moleculoes have
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covalent bonds
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isotope
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atom with extra or too few neutrons
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how to calculate atomic mass
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find percentages of occcurance for isotopes, and average them
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neurons effect an atom's
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radioactivity
instability |
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radioactivity occurs when
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the atomic nucleus breaks down into alpha or beta particles.
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what takes place in a radioactive particle
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nuclear fusion or nuclear fission
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nuclear fission
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brezking of an unstable nucleus
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nuclear fusion
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nucleiis coming together to form a larger atom
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radioactivity
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spontanaeus discintigration of an unstable atomic nucleus
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what is an stable atomic nucleus
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when the ratio of neutrons to protons is close to 1:1
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the heavier the atom the
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greater it's instability
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alpha and beta radiation is in ___________ form while gamma is not
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particle
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while atomic discintigration is going on
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an atom is radioactive
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alph reaction use
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________
l 4 l He l_2______l_ |
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with beta radiation use
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______
l 0 l l E l l -1 l______l |
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when calculating nuclear reactions you take the numbers from the alpha and beta particles and
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subtract them from the numbers in the unstable nuclear model you are given.
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what did democritus say
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all matter can be divided into indivisible particles called ATOMS
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dalton cam e up eith
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Atomic theory
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atomic theory is
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*elements composed of atoms
*all atoms of an element are identical(not true, isotopes) in a chem reactionatoms are not changed into different atoms--compounds are formed |
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radioctivity is the only time
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when elements can transform into new elements
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law of constant composition
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kind and number of atoms in a compound are constant--or else not a compound
H2O is always made with one H and 2 O's |
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law of consevation of mass
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mass cant' be created or destroyed
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law of multiple proportions
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H2 O
then H2 O2 the snd part is in a small WHOLE NUMBER ratio 1:2 etc |
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properties of metasl
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conduct heat and electricity
lustrous malleable(flatten) ductile(pull into wire) |
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molecular compounds are made up of
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2 non metals
a metal and a metaloid |
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molecular formula
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H2O etc.
tells type of atom and # |
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empirical form
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shows compounds in lowest ratio like
H2)2 would be HO in empirical |
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group one chg.
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one plus
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group two chg
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2 plus
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group
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V
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period
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>
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group 17 chg
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1 minus
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group 16
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2 minus
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galluminun
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3 +
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elements try to become stab by
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gaining or losing electrons
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metals _______
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lose electrons, +
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non metals ________
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gain electrons
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compounds have a chg of_____
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none
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you balance______so they have no chg
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compounds
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when naming ionic compounds add _____to the end
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ide
like sodium chloride |
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when you have a polyatomic ion at the end of a compound
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use the name of that ion as the ending
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molecules have___bonds
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covalent
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molecules are made up of
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2 non metals or a metal and a metaloid
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you use the greek prefixes when naming
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molecular compounds
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elements that can have different charges and there fore need roman numeral added
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Bi
Cr Co Cu Fe Pb Mn Hg Ni Si Sn |
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group one family
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alkalai
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group 2 family
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alkaline earth
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group 17 family
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halogens
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group 18 family
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noble gasses
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how many neutrons does this isotope have
1 H 1 |
0
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the atomic number is the
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number of protons in an atom
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mass number is
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protons plus neutrons
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the bottom is:
the top is 1 H 1 |
#of protons
# of protons plus neutrons |
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atomic weight is
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average atomic mass
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on wrong side of stair step which elements are metalloids?
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Ge
Sb |
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Na is a
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monoatomic ion
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