• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Read
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Reading...
Front

Card Range To Study

through

image

Play button

image

Play button

image

Progress

1/102

Click to flip

Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;

Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;

H to show hint;

A reads text to speech;

102 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What are states of matter?
All matter that exists naturally on Earth can be classified as one of these physical terms.
What is a solid?
A form of matter that has its own definite shape and volume.
What is a liquid?
A form of matter that flows, has constant volume, and takes the shape of its container.
What is a gas?
A form of matter that not only flows to conform to the shape of its constant, but also fills the entire volume of its container.
What is a vapor?
The gaseous state of a substance that is a solid or liquid at room temperture
What is a physical property?
A characteristic that can be observed or measured w/o changing the sample's composition.
What are extensive properties?
Dependent on the amount of substance present.
What are intensive properties?
Independent of the amount of substance present.
What is a chemical property?
The ability of a substance to combine with or change into one or more substances.
What is a physical change?
A change which alters a substance w/o changing its composition.
What is a phase change?
A transition of matter from one state to another.
What is a chemical change?
When one or more substances changes into a new substance(s).
What is the law of conservation of mass?
States that mass is neither created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction, it is conserved. The mass of the reactants equals the mass of the products.
What is a mixture?
A combination of two or more pure substances, where each pure substance retains its individual chemical properties.
What is a heterogenous mixture and a homogenous mixture?
A mixture that does not blend smoothly, and a mixture that has a constant composition.
What is a solution?
A homogenous mixture
What is filtration?
A technique that uses a porous barrier to separate a solid from a liquid.
What is distillation?
Separation technique that is based on differences in boiling points of the substances involved.
What is crystallization?
Separation technique that results in the formation of pure solid particles of a substance.
What is sublimation?
Process during which a solid changes to vapor w/o melting.
What is Chromatography?
Technique that separates the combinations of a mixture based on the ability of each component to travel or be drawn across the surface of another material.
What is an element?
A pure substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by physical or chemical means.
What is the periodic table?
Organizes elements into a grid
What is a compound?
Made up of two or more different elements that are combined chemically.
What is the law of definite proportions?
A compound is always composed of the same elements in the same proportion by mass, no matter how large or small the sample.
What is percent by mass?
The ratio of the mass of each element to the total mass of the compound expressed as a percentage.
What is the law of multiple proportions?
States that when different compounds are formed by a combination of the same elements, different masses of one element combine with the same relative mass of the other element in a ratio of small whole numbers.
H
Hydrogen
He
Helium
Li
Lithium
Be
Beryllium
C
Carbon
N
Nitrogen
O
Oxygen
F
Fluorine
Ne
Neon
B
Boron
Na
Sodium
Mg
Magnesium
Al
Aluminum
Si
Silicon
P
Phosphorus
S
Sulfur
Cl
Chlorine
Ar
Argon
K
Potassium
Ca
Calcium
Sc
Scandium
Ti
Titanium
V
Vanadium
Cr
Chromium
Mn
Manganese
Fe
Iron
Co
Cobalt
Ni
Nickel
Cu
Copper
Zn
Zinc
Br
Bromine
Kr
Krypton
Rb
Rubidium
Sr
Strontium
Ag
Silver
Sn
Tin
I
Iodine
Xe
Xenon
Cs
Cesium
Ba
Barium
W
Tungsten
Au
Gold
Hg
Mercury
Pb
Lead
At
Astatine
Rn
Radon
W
Tungsten
Au
Gold
Hg
Mercury
Pb
Lead
At
Astatine
Rn
Radon
Name three examples of physical properties.
Mass, volume, color, taste, melting point.
Name three examples of chemical properties?
Rusting, burning, exploding.
Name three examples of chemical changes?
Parcipitation, heat (or cold), gas, color, odor.
What happens in a chemical reaction?
Reactants turn into products.
What is Dalton's Atomic Theory?
1. All matter is composed of atoms
2. All atoms of the same element are identical
3. Atoms of different elements are different
4. Atoms unite in definite ratios to form compounds.
Who was J.J.Thompson and what did he do?
He used a cathode ray tube and the charge to mass ratio to find electrons.
What did Milliken do?
-Oil droplet experiment
-First to come up w/ accurate charge of the electron
-Used container, sprayed in oil droplets (positive and negatively charged plates w/ hole). X-ray hits oil droplets and makes them negatively charged. Could determine the charge if the droplet hovered, then could determine the mass from Thompson's.
Who was Lord Rutherford?
Gold foil experiment, came up that nucleus is a massive, positively charged particle.
What was Bohr's model?
Planetary model, nucleus is in the middle of an atom with an "electron could".
How many amu's are electrons?
1/2000 amu
How many amu is a proton and a neutron?
1 amu
The atomic number is the number of _______.
Protons
The mass number is the number of ________ and _______.
Protons, neutrons
Electrons are the same number as...
Protons
Where are the electrons in an atom?
In the electron cloud.
What are ions?
Charged particles.
What are isotopes?
Atoms of the same element w/ different masses.
What is relative abundance?
How much of a substance/element is in nature.
What is the difference between atomic mass and atomic mass no.?
Average mass of all isotopes, rounded off to nearest whole number.
What do plateaus represent?
Phase changes
How many cm are in 1 inch?
2.54cm
On a graph, what is the x-axis, and what is the y-axis?
X-axis=independent variable, y-axis=dependent variable
List the types of matter in order:
Matter
-Hetero -Homo
-mixture Solution -Substance
-element -compound