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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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atom
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smallest particle of an element that retains the chemical identity of that element
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law of conservation of matter
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antoine lavoisier
concluded that chemical reaction neither creates nor destroys matter |
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law of constant composition
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Joseph Louis Proust
a given compound always contains the same elements in the same proportions by mass |
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daltons atomic theory of matter
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1. each element is composed of extremely small particles called atoms
2. all atoms of a given element are identical, but they differ from those of any other element 3. atoms are neither created nor destroyed in any chemical reaction 4. a given compound always has the same relative numbers and kinds of atoms |
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electric current
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a moving stream of electrical charges
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negatively charged electrode
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cathode
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positively charged electrode
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anode
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radioactivity
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the spontaneous emission of radiation from an element
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nucleus
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core in the atom's center made of an atom's positive charge and mass
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atomic number
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number of protons in an atom
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ion
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when an atom gains or loses one or more electrons and acquires a net electrical charge
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isotopes
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atoms that have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons
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mass number
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the sum of the isotope's number of protons and neutrons
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atomic mass
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the average mass of an element's atoms
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nuclear reaction
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changes the composition of an atom's nucleus
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alpha
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high energy stream of alpha particles
2 protons and 2 neutrons |
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beta
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high speed stream of electrons
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gamma
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very energetic from of light
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nuclear equation
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equation that keeps track of the reaction's components
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alpha equation
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4/2(alpha)
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beta equation
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0/-1(beta)
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gamma equation
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0/0(gamma)
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