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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Bonding Molecular Orbital
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A molecular orbital in which the electron density is concentrated in the internuclear region. The energy of which is lower than the energy of the separate atomic orbitals from which it forms
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Bonding pair
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In a lewis structure a pair of electrons that is shared by two atoms
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Bond length
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The distannce between the centers of two bonded atoms
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Bond order
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the number of bonding electron pairs shared between two atoms, less the number of antibonding electron pairs: Bond order = (Number of bonding electrons - number of antibonding electrons)
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Bond polarity
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A measure of the degree to which the electrons are shared unequally between two atoms in a chemical bond
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Boranes
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Covalent hydrides of boron
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Born-Haber Cycle
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A thermodynamic cycle based on Hess's Law that relates the lattice energy of an ionic substance to its enthalpy of formation and to other measurable quantities
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Boyle's Law
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A law stating that at constant temperature, the product of the volume and pressure of a given amount of gas is a constant
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Bronsted-Lowry acid
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A substance (molecule or ion) that acts as a proton donor
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Bronsted-Lowry base
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A substance (molecule or ion) that acts as a proton acceptor
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Buffer Capacity
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The amount of acid or base a buffer can neutralize before the pH begins to change appreciably
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Buffered solution
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A solution that undergoes a limited change in pH upon addition of a small amount of acid or base
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Calcination
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The heating of an ore to bring about its decomposition and the elimination of a volatile product
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Calorie
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A unit of energy, it is the amount of energy needed to rais the temperature of 1g. of water by 1C = 4.184 Joules
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Calorimeter
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An apparatus that measures the evolution of heat
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Calorimetry
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The experimental measurement of heat produced in chemical and physical processes
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Capillary action
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The process by which a liquid rises in a tube because of a combination of adhesion to the walls of the tube and cohesion between liquid particles
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Carbide
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A binary compound of carbon with a metal or metalloid
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Carbohydrates
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A class of substances formed from polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones
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Carbon black
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A microcrystalline form of carbon
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Carbonyl group
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The C=O double bond, a characteristic feature of several organic functional groups, such as ketones and aldehydes
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Carboxylic acid
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A compound that contains the -COOH functional group
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Catalyst
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A substance what changes the speed of a chemical reaction without itself undergoing a permanent chemical change in the process
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Cathode
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An electrode at which reduction occurs
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Cathode rays
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Streams of electrons that are produced when a high voltage is applied to electrodes in an evacuated tube
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