Chemistry

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Soluble

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capable of being dissolved

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Solution

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a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances in a single phase.

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Solvent

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what is doing the dissolving.

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Solute

Back 4

What is being dissolved.

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Suspensions

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if the particles in a solvent are so large that they settle out unless the mixture is constantly stirred or agitated

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Colloids

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particles that are intermediate in size between those in solutions and suspensions form mixtures known as colloidal suspensions.

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Tyndall Effect

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Many colloids appear homogeneous because the individual particles cannot be seen. The particles are large enough to scatter light.
Think about the headlights of a car on a foggy night.
Tyndall Effect occurs when light is scattered by colloidal particles dispersed in a transparent medium. This can be used to distinguish between a solution and a colloid.

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Electrolyte

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a substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that conducts electric current.

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Nonelectrolyte

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a substance that dissolves in water that does not conduct an electric current.

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Solution equilibrium

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the physical state in which the opposing processes of dissolution and crystallization of a solution occur at equal rates.

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Increasing the Surface Area of the Solute

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The smaller the molecule, the better the solute will dissolve

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Agitating the Solution

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Stirring/shaking the solution will make it easier to dissolve the solute

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Heating the Solution

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The hotter the solution, the better the solute will dissolve

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solubility

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For every combination of solvent with a solid solute at a given temperature, there is a limit to the amount of solute that can be dissolved.

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solubility

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The point at which this limit is reached for any solute-solvent combination depends on the nature of the solute, the nature of the solvent, and the temperature.

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Saturated solution

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a solution that contains the maximum amount of dissolved solute.

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Unsaturated Solution

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a solution that contains less than a saturated solution under the existing conditions (I can still put more solute in)

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Supersaturated solution

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a solution that contains more dissolved solute than a saturated solution contains under the same conditions.

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Immicible

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liquid solutes and solvents that are not soluble in each other.

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Miscible

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liquids that dissolve in one another in any proportion.