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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Triads |
Groups of three in which several elements can be classified into |
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Law of octaves |
62 known elements be arranged into groups of seven according to the increase atomic range |
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Mendeleev |
Architect of the modern periodic table |
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Nuclear charge |
The nuclear charge increases by one for each element of the periodic table; therefore the elements are arranged by nuclear charge rather than atomic mass |
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Periodic law |
The properties of elements recur in a repeating pattern when arranged according to increasing atomic number |
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Group |
A vertical column on the periodic table; there are 18. |
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Period |
A horizontal row on the periodic table. There are 7. |
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Two trends for aromic radii |
1. Atomic radius decreases as you go up a group. 2. Atomic radius decreases as you go left to right across a period. |
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Metallic character |
The degree of metal character of an element. Similar to trend for the atomic radius |
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S blocks/sublevels |
IA/1 & IA/2 |
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d blocks/sublevels |
IIIB/3 through IIB/12 |
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f blocks/sublevels |
Inner transition elements |
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Valence electrons |
The outermost electrons of an atom. Highest energy and furthest away from the nucleus. S and p electrons beyond the noble gas core |
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American convention |
Group IA have one valence electron Group VA have five valence electrons |
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IUPAC |
Group 2 have two valence electrons Group 14 have 4 valence electrons (only last digit counts) |
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Electron dot formula |
Shows the symbol of the element surrounded by the valence electrons, using one dot for each electron |
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Ionization energy |
The amount of energy required to remove an electron in the gaseous state; Increases from bottom to top and from left to right |
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Ion charges |
Metals tend to lose electrons and nonmetals tend to gain electrons. This way they achieve a noblr gas configuration |
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Binary ionic compounds |
Contain two elements: one metal and one nonmetal |
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Ternary ionic compounds |
Contain three elements: at least one metal and one nonmetal |
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Bimary molecular compounds |
Contain two elements and both are nonmetals |
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Binary acid |
An aqueois solution of a compound containg hydrogen and one other nonmetal |
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Ternary oxyacid |
An aqueous solution of a compound containing hydrogen, oxygen, and one other nonmetal |
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Ion |
An atom(s) with a charge |
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Cation |
A positively charged ion |
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Anion |
A negatively charged ion |
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Antoine lavoisier |
The father of modern chemistry |
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Stock system |
If a metal can form more than one cation, it is named for thr parent followed by thr charge in roman numerals in parenthesis followed by the word ion |
Cu+ is copper (I) ion Cu+2 is copper (II) ion |
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Latin system |
The cation with the lower charge receives the -ous suffix. The cation with the higher charge receives the -ic suffix. |
Cu+ is the cuprous ion Cu+2 is the cupric ion |
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Monatomic anions |
Named by dropping the end of the element name and adding the suffix -ide |
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Oxyanions |
Polyatomic anions that contain one or more oxygens |
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Oxyanions suffixes |
Oxyanions that end in -ite each have one less oxygen than the oxyanions that end in -ate |
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Formula unit |
The simplest representative particle of an ionic compound. The total positive charge must equal the total negative charge |
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What is the formula of iron (III) fluoride? |
Iron (III) has a +3 charge, and the fluoride has a -1 charge. FeF3 |
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Co (CLO3) 3 |
Cobalt (III) chlorate |
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Molecule |
The simplest representative particle of a binary molecular compound |
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Mono- |
Never used for the first element. Always used for the second |
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