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191 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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States of matter
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Gas, liquid, and solid
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Liquid
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Has a distinct volume, and assumes the shape of its container
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Solid
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Has a definite shape and definite volume
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Pure substance
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Matter that has distinct properties and a composition that doesn't vary
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Water and salt
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Pure substance
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Matter that has distinct properties and a composition that doesn't vary
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Water and salt
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Compounds
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Two or more substances
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Mixtures
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Combinations of two or more substances and maintain its chemical identity
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Mixtures
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Combinations of two or more substances and maintain its chemical identity
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Matter
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A physical material of the universe occupies space
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Mixtures
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Combinations of two or more substances and maintain its chemical identity
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Matter
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A physical material of the universe occupies space
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Property
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Characteristics that allows us to recognize a particular type of matter and distinguish it from another
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Mixtures
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Combinations of two or more substances and maintain its chemical identity
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Matter
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A physical material of the universe occupies space
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Property
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Characteristics that allows us to recognize a particular type of matter and distinguish it from another
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Atoms
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Small building blocks of matter
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Mixtures
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Combinations of two or more substances and maintain its chemical identity
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Matter
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A physical material of the universe occupies space
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Property
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Characteristics that allows us to recognize a particular type of matter and distinguish it from another
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Atoms
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Small building blocks of matter
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Molecules
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Two or more atoms joined together in specific shapes
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Law of constant composition
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The chemical composition of a compound is always the same
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Components
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Substance making up mixtures
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Coffee containing suger
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Components
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Substance making up mixtures
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Coffee containing suger
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Heterogeneous
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Mixtures that don't have the same composition, properties, and appearance throughout
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Rocks and wood
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Components
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Substance making up mixtures
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Coffee containing suger
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Heterogeneous
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Mixtures that don't have the same composition, properties, and appearance throughout
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Rocks and wood
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Homogeneous
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Mixtures that are uniform throughout
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Also called solutions salt and water
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Physical properties
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Can be observed without changing the identity and composition of a substance
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Color odor, density, melting point, boiling point, and hardness
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Precision
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How closely individual measurements agree with one another
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Accuracy
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How closely individual measurements agree with the correct or true value
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Density
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Amount of Mass in a unit volume of a substance
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Dimensional analtsis
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Units are multiplied together divided into each other or cancelled
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Chemical properties
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A substance that may change or react to form another substance
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Intensive propertied
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Don't depend on amount of substance and can identify substances
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Extensive properties
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Depend on amount of sample and relate to amount of substance present
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Mass and volume
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Physical change
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Changes it's physical appearance but not it's composition
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Water can be solid liquid or gas and still be just h2o
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Chemical change or chemical reaction
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Substance is transformed into a different chemically substance
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Filtration
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Where two can be seperated
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Distillation
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A process that depends on different abilities of a substance to form a gases
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Metric system
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Units used for scientific measurements
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Mass
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Amount if material in an object
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Physical properties
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Can be observed without changing the identity and composition of a substance
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Color odor, density, melting point, boiling point, and hardness
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Precision
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How closely individual measurements agree with one another
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Accuracy
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How closely individual measurements agree with the correct or true value
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Density
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Amount of Mass in a unit volume of a substance
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Dimensional analysis
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Units are multiplied together divided into each other or cancelled
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Conversion factor
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Fraction who's denominator and numerator are the same quantity expressed in different units
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Chemical properties
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A substance that may change or react to form another substance
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Intensive propertied
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Don't depend on amount of substance and can identify substances
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Extensive properties
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Depend on amount of sample and relate to amount of substance present
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Mass and volume
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Physical change
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Changes it's physical appearance but not it's composition
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Water can be solid liquid or gas and still be just h2o
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Chemical change or chemical reaction
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Substance is transformed into a different chemically substance
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Filtration
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Where two can be seperated
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Distillation
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A process that depends on different abilities of a substance to form a gases
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Metric system
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Units used for scientific measurements
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Mass
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Amount if material in an object
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Physical properties
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Can be observed without changing the identity and composition of a substance
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Color odor, density, melting point, boiling point, and hardness
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Precision
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How closely individual measurements agree with one another
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Accuracy
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How closely individual measurements agree with the correct or true value
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Density
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Amount of Mass in a unit volume of a substance
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Dimensional analysis
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Units are multiplied together divided into each other or cancelled
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Conversion factor
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Fraction who's denominator and numerator are the same quantity expressed in different units
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Subatomic particles
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What atoms are composed of
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Chemical properties
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A substance that may change or react to form another substance
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Intensive propertied
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Don't depend on amount of substance and can identify substances
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Extensive properties
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Depend on amount of sample and relate to amount of substance present
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Mass and volume
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Physical change
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Changes it's physical appearance but not it's composition
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Water can be solid liquid or gas and still be just h2o
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Chemical change or chemical reaction
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Substance is transformed into a different chemically substance
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Filtration
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Where two can be seperated
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Distillation
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A process that depends on different abilities of a substance to form a gases
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Metric system
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Units used for scientific measurements
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Mass
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Amount if material in an object
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Fact1
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Particles with same charges repel one another and particles with unlike particles attract one another |
Opposites attract
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Fact1
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Particles with same charges repel one another and particles with unlike particles attract one another |
Opposites attract
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Law of constant composition
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In a given compound the relative #s and kinds of atoms are constant
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Fact1
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Particles with same charges repel one another and particles with unlike particles attract one another |
Opposites attract
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Law of constant composition
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In a given compound the relative #s and kinds of atoms are constant
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Law of conservation mass
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The total mass of materials present as a chemical reaction is the same as the total mass present before the reaction
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Fact1
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Particles with same charges repel one another and particles with unlike particles attract one another |
Opposites attract
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Law of constant composition
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In a given compound the relative #s and kinds of atoms are constant
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Law of conservation mass
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The total mass of materials present as a chemical reaction is the same as the total mass present before the reaction
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Law of multiple proportions
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If two elements A and B combine to form more than 1 compound the masses of B that can combine with a given mass of A are in ratio of small whole #s
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Fact 2
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All atoms of an given element are identical, but the atoms of one element are diff. From the atoms of all other elements
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Cathode rays
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Radiation produced between electrodes
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Cathode rays
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Radiation produced between electrodes
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Atomic mass
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Used to express the weight of atoms
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Cathode rays
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Radiation produced between electrodes
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Atomic mass
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Used to express the weight of atoms
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Angstrom
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Convenient non SI unit of length used for atomic dimensions
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Cathode rays
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Radiation produced between electrodes
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Atomic mass
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Used to express the weight of atoms
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Angstrom
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Convenient non SI unit of length used for atomic dimensions
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Atomic number
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The # of protons in a atom
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Cathode rays
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Radiation produced between electrodes
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Atomic mass
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Used to express the weight of atoms
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Angstrom
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Convenient non SI unit of length used for atomic dimensions
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Atomic number
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The # of protons in a atom
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Mass #
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Protons plus the neutrons
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12 mass#
6 atomic # |
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Atomic weight
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Average atomic mass of an element
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Period
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Horizontal rows on the periodic table
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H and He is in period 1
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Period
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Horizontal rows on the periodic table
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H and He is in period 1
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Groups
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The vertical columns on the periodic table
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Be, Mg. Ca, Sr.... Are in group 2
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Period
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Horizontal rows on the periodic table
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H and He is in period 1
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Groups
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The vertical columns on the periodic table
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Be, Mg. Ca, Sr.... Are in group 2
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Metals
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Metals are brown
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Period
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Horizontal rows on the periodic table
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H and He is in period 1
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Groups
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The vertical columns on the periodic table
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Be, Mg. Ca, Sr.... Are in group 2
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Metals
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Metals are brown
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Luster and high electrical and conducts heat
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Non metals
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Non metals are green
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Can be solids liquids and gases
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Metalloids
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Purple section
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Metalloids
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Purple section
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Diatomic molecule
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A molecule that made up of two atoms
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Metalloids
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Purple section
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Diatomic molecule
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A molecule that made up of two atoms
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Molecular compounds
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Compounds composed of molecules contain more that one type of atom
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Metalloids
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Purple section
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Diatomic molecule
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A molecule that made up of two atoms
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Molecular compounds
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Compounds composed of molecules contain more that one type of atom
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Molecular formulas
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Chemical formulas that give only the relative # of atoms of each type in molecule
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Metalloids
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Purple section
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Diatomic molecule
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A molecule that made up of two atoms
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Molecular compounds
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Compounds composed of molecules contain more that one type of atom
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Molecular formulas
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Chemical formulas that give only the relative # of atoms of each type in molecule
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Empirical formulas
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Chemical formulas that give only the relative # of atoms of each type in a molecule
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Metalloids
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Purple section
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Diatomic molecule
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A molecule that made up of two atoms
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Molecular compounds
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Compounds composed of molecules contain more that one type of atom
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Molecular formulas
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Chemical formulas that give only the relative # of atoms of each type in molecule
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Empirical formulas
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Chemical formulas that give only the relative # of atoms of each type in a molecule
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Ion
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A charged particle that forms When electrons are removed from or added to an atom
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Metalloids
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Purple section
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Diatomic molecule
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A molecule that made up of two atoms
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Molecular compounds
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Compounds composed of molecules contain more that one type of atom
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Molecular formulas
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Chemical formulas that give only the relative # of atoms of each type in molecule
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Empirical formulas
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Chemical formulas that give only the relative # of atoms of each type in a molecule
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Ion
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A charged particle that forms When electrons are removed from or added to an atom
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Cation
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Ion with a positive charge
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Metalloids
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Purple section
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Diatomic molecule
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A molecule that made up of two atoms
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Molecular compounds
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Compounds composed of molecules contain more that one type of atom and generally composed of non metals only
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Molecular formulas
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Chemical formulas that give only the relative # of atoms of each type in molecule
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Empirical formulas
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Chemical formulas that give only the relative # of atoms of each type in a molecule
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Ion
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A charged particle that forms When electrons are removed from or added to an atom
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Cation
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Ion with a positive charge
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Anion
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Negatively charged ions
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Ionic compounds
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Made up of cations and ions and are generally metals combined with non metals
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Polyatomic ions
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Ions that consist of atoms joined as in a molecule but they have a net positive or negative charge
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Oxyanions
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Polyatomic anions containing oxygen have names ending in either -ate or- ite
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Isomers
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Compounds with the same molecular formula but diff. Arrangements of atoms.
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Reactants
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Chemical formula to the left of the arrow representing the starting substance.
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Polyatomic ions
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Ions that consist of atoms joined as in a molecule but they have a net positive or negative charge
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Oxyanions
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Polyatomic anions containing oxygen have names ending in either -ate or- ite
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Isomers
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Compounds with the same molecular formula but diff. Arrangements of atoms.
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Reactants
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Chemical formula to the left of the arrow representing the starting substance.
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Product
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The formula to the right of the arrow represents the substance that is produce in the reaction
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Coefficient
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The number in front of the formulas
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Polyatomic ions
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Ions that consist of atoms joined as in a molecule but they have a net positive or negative charge
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Oxyanions
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Polyatomic anions containing oxygen have names ending in either -ate or- ite
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Isomers
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Compounds with the same molecular formula but diff. Arrangements of atoms.
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Reactants
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Chemical formula to the left of the arrow representing the starting substance.
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Product
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The formula to the right of the arrow represents the substance that is produce in the reaction
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Coefficient
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The number in front of the formulas
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Polyatomic ions
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Ions that consist of atoms joined as in a molecule but they have a net positive or negative charge
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Oxyanions
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Polyatomic anions containing oxygen have names ending in either -ate or- ite
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Isomers
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Compounds with the same molecular formula but diff. Arrangements of atoms.
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Reactants
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Chemical formula to the left of the arrow representing the starting substance.
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Product
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The formula to the right of the arrow represents the substance that is produce in the reaction
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Coefficient
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The number in front of the formulas
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Combination reactant
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Two or more substances react to form one product
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Decomposition reaction
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One substance undergoes a reaction to produce two or more other substances
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Combustion reaction
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Rapid reactions that produce a flame
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Polyatomic ions
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Ions that consist of atoms joined as in a molecule but they have a net positive or negative charge
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Oxyanions
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Polyatomic anions containing oxygen have names ending in either -ate or- ite
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Isomers
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Compounds with the same molecular formula but diff. Arrangements of atoms.
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Reactants
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Chemical formula to the left of the arrow representing the starting substance.
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Product
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The formula to the right of the arrow represents the substance that is produce in the reaction
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Coefficient
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The number in front of the formulas
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Combination reactant
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Two or more substances react to form one product
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Decomposition reaction
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One substance undergoes a reaction to produce two or more other substances
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Combustion reaction
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Rapid reactions that produce a flame
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Polyatomic ions
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Ions that consist of atoms joined as in a molecule but they have a net positive or negative charge
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Oxyanions
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Polyatomic anions containing oxygen have names ending in either -ate or- ite
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Isomers
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Compounds with the same molecular formula but diff. Arrangements of atoms.
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Reactants
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Chemical formula to the left of the arrow representing the starting substance.
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Product
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The formula to the right of the arrow represents the substance that is produce in the reaction
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Coefficient
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The number in front of the formulas
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Combination reactant
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Two or more substances react to form one product
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Decomposition reaction
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One substance undergoes a reaction to produce two or more other substances
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Combustion reaction
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Rapid reactions that produce a flame
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Formula weight
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Sum of the atomic weights of the atoms in the chemical su
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