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6 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How is concentration calculated from both a mass and a volume, and a mole and volume? |
Concentration = Mass/Volume
Concentration = Moles/Volume |
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How do you carry out a titration? |
1) Using a pipette, measure a set volume of alkali into a flask. Add a few drops of indicator (phenolphthalein). 2) Fill a burette with a known concentration of acid. 3) Use the burette to add the acid to the alkali a bit at a time. Swirl the flask regularly. Slow down when the alkali is almost neutralised. 4) When all the alkali is neutralised, the indicator will change colour (pink in alkalis and colourless in acids). 5) Record the volume of acid used (the titre). 6) Repeat a few times until the results are concordant (within 0.1 dm3) and calculate a mean. |
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What is Le Chatelier’s Principle? |
It states that if there’s a change in concentration, pressure or temperature in a reversible reaction, the position of equilibrium will shift to counteract the change. |
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How does temperature affect equilibrium? |
Temperature If you decrease the temperature the equilibrium will shift in the exothermic direction to produce more heat. If you increase the temperature the equilibrium will shift in the endothermic direction to absorb more heat. |
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How does pressure affect equilibrium? |
Pressure If you increase the pressure the equilibrium will move towards the side with fewer gas moles. If you decrease the pressure the equilibrium will move towards the side with more gas moles. |
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How does concentration affect equilibrium? |
Concentration If you increase the concentration of the reactants the equilibrium will shift to the right. If you decrease the concentration of the reactants the equilibrium will shift to the left. Decreasing the concentrations will have the opposite effect. |
