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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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alkali metals
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elements in group 1A except hydrogen, soft shiny metals with one outer shell electron
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Alkali earth metals
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Group 2A elements, which have 2 electrons in the outer most shell
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Atom
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The smallest particle of an element that retains the characteristics of the element
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Atomic Mass
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The weighted average of all the natural occuring isotopes of an element.
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Atomic Mass Unit
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A small mass unit used to describe the mass of very small particles such as atoms and subatomic particles; 1 AMU is equal to one-twelfth the mass of a C atom
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Atomic number
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a number that is equal to the number of protons in an atom
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atomic symbol
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an abbreviation used to indicate the mass number and atomic number of an isotope
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compound
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A pure substance consisting of two or more elements, with a definite composition, that can be broken down into simpler substances by chemical methods.
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electron
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a negatively charged subatomic particle having a very small mass that is usually ignored in calculations its symbol is e-
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Electron-dot symbol
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the representation of an atom that shows valence electrons as dots around the symbol of the element
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element
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a pure substance that cannot be seperatedinto any simpler substances by chemical methods
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group
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A vertical column in the periodic table that contains elements having similar physical and chemical properties
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group number
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a number that appears at the top of each vertical column in the periodic table and indicates the number of valence electrons in the outer most energy level
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halogen
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Group 7a elements
ie. fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine |
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heterogeneous mixture
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a mixture of two or more substances that are not mixed uniformly
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homogeneous mixture
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a mixture of two or more substances that are mixed uniformly
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ionization energy
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the energy needed to remove the least tightly bound electron from the outermost energy level of an atom
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isotope
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an atom that differs only in mass number from another atom of the same element. Isotopes have the same atomic number ( number or protons) but different number of neutrons
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mass number
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the total number of neutrons and protons in the nucleus of an atom
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matter
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Anything that has a mass and occupies space
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metal
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an element that is shiny, malleable, ductile, and a good conductor of heat and electricity. The metals are located to the left of the zig zag line
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metalloid
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elements with the properties of both metals and non metals located along the zig zag line
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mixture
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the physical combination of two or more substances that does not change the identities of the mixed substances
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neutron
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a neutral subatomic particle having a mass of 1 amu and found in the nucleus. symbol n or n0
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noble gas
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an element in group 8A, generally unreactive and seldom found in the combination with other elements
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nonmetal
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an element with little or no luster that is a poor conductor of heat and electricity. located on the right of zig zag line
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nucleus
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the compact, very dense center of an atom, contains the protons and neutrons
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orbital
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the region arond the nucleus where electrons of a certain energy are most likly to be found
s orbital is sphere p orbital is 2 lobed |
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period
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horizontal row in periodic table
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physical properities
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shape, color, density, taste, odor, hardness, melting point, and boiling point
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proton
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a positivly charged subatomic particle having a mass of 1 AMU and found in the nucleus of an atom.
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pure substance
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a type of matter with a fixed composition; elements and compounds
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subatomic particles
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a particle within an atom; protons, neutrons and electrons
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valence electrons
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electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom
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