Chemistry

Front 1

changes between gaseous, liquid or solid state

Back 1

change of state

Front 2

the ability of a substance to undergo a change that alters its identity

Back 2

chem. property

Front 3

describes the process to absorb heat

Back 3

endothermic energy

Front 4

describes the process that releases heat

Back 4

exothermic

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the vertical columns of elements in the periodic table numbered consecuatively from 1 to 18

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groups/families

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the energy of an object in motion

Back 6

kinetic energy

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a chemical compound that contains the same in exactly the same proportions by mass, regardless of the size

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law of definite comp

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the measure of the quantity of matter

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mass

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anything that has mass or occupies space

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matter

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a combo of 2 or more kinds of matter, each of which retains its own compositions or properties

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mixture

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a property that can be observed or measured w/out altering the idenity of the material

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physical property

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a solid that seperates from a solution

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percipitate

Front 13

the new substance or substances produced by a chemical enzyme reaction

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products

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the substances that undergo a chemical reaction

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reactants

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the measure of the earths gravitational attraction for matter

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weight

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describe the differrence between heat and temperature

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heat-energy that couses the particels to move
temperature-measurment of average motion of particles

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the amt of force to move 1 neutron, 1 meter

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joule

Front 18

the rate at which a substance absorbes heat

Back 18

specific heat

Front 19

what are the 3 kinds of metric units

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meters, liters, kilograms

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ratio of mass to volume

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density

Front 21

a unit of mass that is exactly 1/12 the mass of the carbon 12 atom

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atomic mass unit

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6.02 x 10 23power, number of particles in 1 mole of a pure substance

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avagadros #

Front 23

the total number of protons and neutrons

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mass #

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the mass in i g. of a mole of an element compound

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molar mass

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the amount of a substance that contains the smae number of particles as there are atoms

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mole

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a form of energy the exibits wavelike behavor as it travels through space

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electromagnetic radiation

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a state at which the atom has a higher potential energy then at its ground state

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excited state

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the number of waves that pass through a specific point at a given amt. of time

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frequency

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the state of lowest energy of an atom

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ground state

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numbers that specify the properties of atomic orbitals and of their electrons

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quantum numbers

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the elements of group 1 of the periodic table

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alkali metals

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a negative ion, and how its formed

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anion, formed by adding an electron

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one half of the distance between the neucli of identical atoms joined in a moleule

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atomic radius

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a positive ion, how its formed

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cation formed by taking away an electron

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the energy change that occurs when an electron is accuired by a neutral atom

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electron afinity

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a measure of the ability of a an atom in a chemical compound to attract electrons

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electronegativity

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any of the colorful, active, non metalic, elements that are in grop 17

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halogens

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an atom or group of atoms that has a pos. or neg. charge

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ion

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the energy required to remove 1 electron from an atom of an element

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ionization energy

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the 10 subgroups of elements that intervene between group 2 and group 13 begining w/ period 4 (the d block)

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transition elements

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the electrons able to be lost, gained, or shared, in the formation of chemical compounds

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valence electrons

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the energy required to break a chemical bond and form neutral atoms

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bond energy

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the average distance between 2 bonded atoms

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bond length

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a chemical bond resulting between the sharing of electrons between 2 atoms

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diatomic molecule

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equal but opposite charges seperated by a short distance

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dipole

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forces of attraction between polar molecules

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dipole-dipole forces

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a covalent bond produced by sharing 2 pairs of electrons between 2 atoms

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double bond

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the simplest unit indicated by the formula of any compound

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formula unit

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the chemical bond resulting from electrostatic attraction between pos. and neg. ions

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ionic bond

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chemical compound whose simples formula units are molecules

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molecular compound

Front 51

a chemical bond in which bonding electrons are shared equally by bonding atoms

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non-polar covalent bond

Front 52

chemical compounds formed by gaining, losing, or sharing electrons, 8 electrons

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octet rule

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a covalent bond reduced by the sharing of one pair of electrons between 2 atoms

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single bond

Front 54

numbers assigned to the atoms in molecules to showthe general distribution of electrons amoung bonded atoms

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oxadation numbers