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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Molecular mass
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sum of the atomic masses of the atoms in a molecule
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mole
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represents the amount of a substance
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mole
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equal to the amount a substance measured out to be its atomic mass, molecular mass, or formula mass in grams
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moles of different atoms
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all have different masses, cause the size of each individual particle is different, but similar in that they each contain the same number of particles
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molarity
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measurement for a solution concentration
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symbol for molarity
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M
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molarity(M)=?
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moles of solute/ liter or (dm to the third)
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1dm to the third=
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1L
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1cm to the third=
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1mL
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percentage Compostion
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gives the relative amount (percentage) of each element present within the compound
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percentage composition=
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# atoms of an elementx atomic mass of the element/ formula mass of the compound all times 100
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empirical formula
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indicates the smallest whole number ration of the elements of each atom present in a compound
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molecular formula
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indicates the actual munber of each atom present in a compound
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to determine the empirical formula of a compound step 1
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determine the # of grams of each element in the compound( if percentage composition is given assume a 100g sample)
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to determine the empirical formula of a compound step 2
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convert the grams of each element to moles by dividing each by its atomic mass
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to determine the empirical formula of a compound step 3
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determine the mole ration of the elements by dividing the moles of each element by the smallest # of moles
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to determine the empirical formula of a compound step 4
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use the mole ration to write the empirical formula of the compound
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finding molecular formula step 1
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determine the empirical formula and calculate its mass
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finding molecular formula step 2
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divide the mass of the molecular mass( the mass of the molecular formula) by the mass of the empirical formula.
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finding molecular formula step 3
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multiply the empirical formula by your answer to #2
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Hydrates
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compounds that have water molecules attached to their crystal structure
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hydrates step 1
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calculate the mass of water and convert it moles
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hydrates step 2
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calculate the mass of the anhydrous salt (dried salt) and convert it to moles
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hydrates step 3
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divide your answer in 2 by your answer in 1 to determine the # of water molecules for each salt particle in the hydrate
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Another name for the mole
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Amadeo Avogadro's rule
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diatomic elements
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come in pairs
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What are the diatomic elements?
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H O N Cl F I Br
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dilute
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more water
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concentrated
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less water
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si prefixes
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kilo k 1000
deci d .1 centi c .01 milli m .001 micro u .000001 nano n .000000001 |
