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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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metabolic reaction
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chemical reactions that takes place inside a living organism
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monomer
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basic uint of a certain molecule
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dimer
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2 units of a certain molecule
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polymer
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3 or more units of a certain molecule
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food
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- healthy
- gives energy - synthesis of new protoplasm of cell growth repair or worn out cells and cell division |
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energy
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- capacity to work, converted into other forms
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functions of water
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- solvent: medium for chemical reaction to occur in organisms
- transport: digested products excretory hormones key components - protoplasm - lubricants in joints - digestive juices - blood - tissue fluid |
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Uses of water
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human:
hydrolysis - digestion homeostasis- controls body heat plants: photosynthesis turgidity both: transportation |
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facts of water
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70- 80% of the body is made of water
48 cups/ 8 glasses of water everyday too much- water intoxication too little- dehydration *weight of person lost after intense work out is water, not fats! |
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functions of Carbohydrates
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- respiration
- conversion in proteins/ fats: formation of DNA, RNA - support in plants - synthesis of nectar/ lubricants: mucus = carbo + protein |
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Types of Carbohydrates
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monosaccarides- 1 (simplest form)
disaccarides- 2 polysaccarides- 3 or more hydrolysis to make dimer |
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examples of mono & di
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mono:
galactose fructose glucose di: lactose sucrose maltose |
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Test
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Benedict Solution Test (reducing sugar)
1) blue copper sulfate containing Copper (ii) Sulfate -reducing sugar boil- 2) reduced to copper (i) oxide positive result: red/ brick red/ red precipitate BUT: sucrose no reaction Iodine Test (start test) positive: turns blue black negative: stays yellow- brown |
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Proteins
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mono: amino acid
di: dipeptide poly: polypeptide/ pepton |
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Functions of proteins
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- growth and repair
- synthesis enzymes and hormones - form antibody *deficiency: kwashiorkor- swollen stomach, scaly skin |
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test for protein
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biuret test
positive: violet/ dark purple * requires water bath |
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Fats
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mono: glycerol
poly: fatty acid 2 types: saturated (solid, in animal) unsaturated (liquid, in plants) gives 2x more energy than carbo |
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saturated fats
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- uniform, form solid
- heart attack, bypass, unhealthy stuff |
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Test for Fats
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Cloudy emulsion test
ethanol reacts fats to form ethanol- orangy |
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Functions of Fats
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- heat insulator
- 4 vitamins - reduce water loss from skin surface - essential part of protoplasm: cell membrane |
