Chemical Reactions

Front 1

__________is an ionic compound that breaks apart when dissolved

Back 1

Electrolyte

Front 2

_______ _________ occurs when new bonds form and/or old bonds break between atoms

Back 2

Chemical reaction

Front 3

Types of energy

Back 3

1. Kinetic Energy
2. Potential Energy

Front 4

the energy of matter in motion

Back 4

Kinetic energy

Front 5

energy stored by matter due to its position

Back 5

Potential energy

Front 6

_________ _________ is a form of potential energy that is stored in the bonds of molecules

Back 6

Chemical energy

Front 7

_________ _______/_____ is a process by which 2 or more atoms, ions or molecules combine to form new and larger molecules
*Ex. A + B = AB

Back 7

Synthesis reactions/anabolism

Front 8

_________ _______/_____ is a molecule is split apart
*Ex. AB  A + B

Back 8

Decomposition Reactions/catabolism

Front 9

______ _________ is the reaction can go in either direction under different conditions

Back 9

Reversible reactions

Front 10

Inorganic compounds

Back 10

in general lack Carbon, are structurally simple and are held together by ionic or covalent bonds
*Ex. Water, salts, acids, CO2, HCO3-

Front 11

Inorganic Compounds

Back 11

•Water
•Acids
•Bases
•Salts
•Acidic Solution
•Basic/Alkaline solution

Front 12

_______ is vital compound for life

Back 12

Water

Front 13

_______is a substances that break apart or dissociate into one or more Hydrogen ions when dissolved in water

Back 13

Acids

Front 14

_______is a substances that dissociate into one or more hydroxide ions (OH-) when dissolved in water

Back 14

Bases

Front 15

_______is a dissociate into both + and – ions in water, neither is H+ or OH-

Back 15

Salts

Front 16

________ _________ is a solution that has more H+ than OH- (pH below 7)

Back 16

Acidic Solution

Front 17

______/_________ _________ is a solution that has more OH- than H+ (pH above 7)

Back 17

Basic/Alkaline solution

Front 18

*An excellent solvent
*Participates in chemical reactions  hydrolysis
*Absorbs and releases heat very slowly
*Requires are large amount of heat to change from a liquid to a gas
*Serves as a lubricant

Back 18

Water

Front 19

Organic Compounds

Back 19

1.Carbohydrates (“sugars”)
2.Lipids
3.Waxes
4.Phospholipids

Front 20

Carbohydrates characteristics?

Back 20

*important fuel molecules
*lots of energy stored in the C-H bonds
*H & O occur in same ratio as water 2:1

Front 21

What are the three major groups of Carbohydrates?

Back 21

• Monosaccharides
• Disaccharides
• Polysaccharides

Front 22

*Building blocks of carbohydrates
*6-C sugars: energy Glucose
*5-C sugars: Nucleic Acids as Ribose & Deoxyribose

Back 22

Monosaccharides

Front 23

*More stable than monosaccharides
*Good molecule to transport
*Sucrose
*Lactose

Back 23

Disaccharides

Front 24

*more than 2 monosacc. joined together
*in this form they are insoluble and make good molecules for storing energy
*Most are long chains of the same simple sugars

Back 24

Polysaccharides

Front 25

*Fat-like substances that are soluble in organic solvents like alcohols or insoluble in H2O – nonpolar or hydrophobic
*Used to store energy for long periods of time
*Have more energy per gram than carbohydrates or proteins due to more C-H bonds
*Triglycerides: Oils and Fats

Back 25

Lipids

Front 26

*a glycerin molecule with 3 fatty acids attached
*most (95%) dietary fat is triglycerides
*Adipose tissue
*Fatty acids

Back 26

Triglycerides

Front 27

Saturated fatty acids characteristics

Back 27

*has as many H atoms as possible
*can “nestle” close together.
*Thus solid at room temperature
*animal fat (meat, dairy products, eggs)
*nuts, coconut oil, palm oil
*thought to lead to artherosclerosis

Front 28

Unsaturated fatty acids characteristics

Back 28

*has double bonds between carbon atoms
*kinky structure that keeps molecules apart
*Thus, liquid at room temperature
*most vegetable oils
*thought to be best for human consumption