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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define: Displacement reaction
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A displacement reaction is one where one element replaces another element in a compound.
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Define: Chemcial Formula
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a representation of a substance using symbols for its elements
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Define: Products
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the new substances produced from the reaction
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Define: Reactants
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the substances that react
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Corrosion
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Corrosion is a chemical change involving the reaction of iron with oxygen in the air, and water.
iron + oxygen --> iron oxide (rust) |
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What to know about... Salt
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When an acid reacts with a base they produce a salt and water
Acid + Base --> Salt + Water eg. hydrochloric acid + sodium hydroxide --> sodium chloride + water Also... acid + carbonate --> salt + water + carbon dioxide gas Acid + Metal --> Salt + Hydrogen gas |
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Decompostion reaction
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In decomposition reactions a compound is broken down into elements or simpler compounds. Decomposition reactions are the opposite of combination reactions.
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Precipitate Reactions
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A solid forms when two solutions are mixed together. This solid is called a precipitate.
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Combination reaction
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A combination reaction occurs when two elements react to form a compound
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Acid
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A chemical substance that neutralises bases, dissolves some metals, and turns litmus red. Has a pH of less than 7
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The physical states of reactants and products
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(g)… gas state
(l)… liquid state (s)… solid state (aq)… aqueous state (a solution) |
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Law of Conservation of Mass
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During a chemical reaction the mass of the reactants is always equal to the mass of the products
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What happens when an acid reacts with a base?
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Salt and water are produced.
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What is the pH of an acid?
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0-6
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What is the pH of a base?
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8-14
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Give an example of a neutral pH.
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Water has a neutral pH of 7
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What does an indicator do?
Give an example of one. |
Indicators show the pH of stubstances bby changing colour when the substance is tested with it. Eg. litmus will a blue if it is a base and turn red if the substance is an acid.
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What are the reactants and products of a neutralisation reaction?
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Acid + Base --> Salt + Water
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Write the chemical formulae for Sodium hydroxide and Aluminium nitrate:
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NaOH
Al+NO |
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Write the name of the following compunds: NaCl, MgCl2, Al2(SO4)3
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NaCl= Sodium Chloride
MgCl2= Magnesium chloride Al2(SO4)3= Aluminium sulfate |
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How many carbon dioxide molecules does 3CO2 represent? How many oxygen atoms are there? How many carbon atoms are there?
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There are 3 carbon dioxide molecules. There are 6 oxygen atoms and there are 3 carbon atoms
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What is a cation?
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A positively charged ion.
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What is an anion?
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A negatively charged ion
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Acids contain many ________ ions
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positive
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Bases contain many _________ ions
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negative
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What is a physical change?
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During a PHYSICAL CHANGE no new substance is formed. A physical change is easy to reverse. The subtsance may have changed only its state (solid, liquid, gas)
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What is a chemical change?
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During a CHEMICAL CHANGE a new substance is formed. A chemical change cannot be reversed
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