Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Protons
|
- Have a positive charge (+)
- Are located in the nucleus |
|
|
Neutrons
|
- Have no charge (neutral)
- Are located in the nucleus |
|
|
Electrons
|
- Have a negative charge (-)
- Found 'zipping' around the nucleus in the electron shell |
|
|
Element
|
The purest form of a substance
|
|
|
Electron Shell
|
Where the electrons 'zip' around the nucleus of the atom
|
|
|
Mass number
|
The number of protons & neutrons
|
|
|
Isotope
|
Atoms of the same element that have a diffferent mass number
|
|
|
Atom
|
The base unit of a chemical element
|
|
|
Nucleus
|
- Where the protons and neutrons are located
- It is the control centre of the entire atom |
|
|
Electron Configuration
|
Is the arrangement of electrons around the nucleus of an atom
|
|
|
Atomic Number
|
Tells us the number of protons in the atom of the element
|
|
|
Why is the overall charge of an atom zero?
|
Because atoms have the same number of protons as electrons
|
|
|
When referring to the Periodic Table of Elements, what do the groups tell us?
|
The groups tell us how many electrons are in the outer shell
|
|
|
When referring to the Periodic Table of element, what do the periods tells us?
|
The number of electron shells in the atom
|
|
|
Which group of elements are more reactive? Group 1 (Alkali Earth Metals) or Group 8 (Nobel Gases) and why?
|
The elements in Group 1 are more reactive because all the elements in Group 8 (Nobel Gases) have a full outer shell.
|
|
|
What is the difference between an atom and an ion?
|
An ion has an overall charge.
|
|
|
What is the difference between ionic bonds and covalent bonds?
|
Ionic bonds: Atoms have given up their electrons
Covalent Bonds: Atoms are sharing their electrons |
|
|
What is a Cation?
|
When metals form positive ions by losing electrons they are referred to as CATIONS.
|
|
|
What is an Anion?
|
When non-metals form negative ions by gaining electrons they are referred to as ANIONS
|
|
|
How many electrons can each shell hold?
|
1st Shell: 2 Electrons
2nd Shell: 8 Electrons 3rd Shell: 18 Electrons 4th Shell: 32 Electrons NOTE: The first 20 elements can only hold 8 Electrons in their third shell, not 18! |
|
|
Ionic Bonding forms between metals and metals only.
TRUE OR FALSE? |
FALSE
Ionic bonding between metals and non-metals only!!! |
|
|
Covalent Bonding forms between non-metals and non-metals only.
TRUE OR FALSE? |
TRUE
|
|
|
What are the missing words?
Ionic compounds are ____ with a ___________ and _____________ |
Ionic compounds are HARD with a HIGH MELTING and BOILING POINT
|
|
|
For a substance to conduct electricity it must meet two requirements. What are they?
|
1. Contain charged particles
2. The charged particle must be free to move |
|
|
Referring to Covalent compounds.
Describe the bonds between the atoms and the bonds between the molecules |
The bonds between the atoms are strong but the bonds between the molecules are weak.
|
|
|
What is the rule for forming positive ions and for forming negative ions?
|
Non-metals usually gain electrons forming a negative ion whilst metals usually lose electrons forming a positive ion.
|
|
|
Fill in the blanks...
The force of attraction between oppositely charged ions are ______ and as a result, they have a very ____________ & ____________ |
The force of attraction between oppositely charged ions are STRONG and as a result, they have a very HIGH MELTING & BOILING POINT.
|
