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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What is an ATOM?
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Smallest particle of matter.
Cannot be broken down any further. |
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What particles are in the NUCLEUS?
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POSITIVE PROTONS.
NEUTRAL NEUTRONS. |
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What are the three PARTICLES in an ATOM?
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POSITIVE PROTONS.
NEUTRAL NEUTRONS. NEGATIVE ELECTRONS. |
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_________s orbit the nucleus in a CLOUD.
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Electrons orbit the nucleus in a cloud.
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What is the ATOMIC NUMBER based off?
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The number of protons in an atom.
The number of electrons in an atom. |
There are two answers.
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Number of ELECTRONS =
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Atomic number AND number of protons.
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Number of PROTONS =
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Atomic number AND number of electrons.
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What is the MASS NUMBER?
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The mass number is the weight of an atom. It is calculated by adding the PROTONS and NEUTRONS together.
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Why aren't electrons included in the MASS NUMBER?
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The electrons aren't included because they have very little weight.
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If an atom has 3 ELECTRONS and 4 NEUTRONS, what is the MASS NUMBER.
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It has a mass number of 7.
This is because that if an atom has 3 electrons, it has 3 protons. 4 |
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Sodium has 11 electrons in its cloud. What is the electron configuration?
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2, 8, 1.
2 in the first shell, 8 in the second, and 1 in the outermost. |
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How many electrons can fit into the 3rd shell of electrons?
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8 electrons.
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By what number is the periodic table sorted?
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Atomic Number.
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Name 4 common properties of non-metals.
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You could choose from:
Brittle and not ductile. Poor conductors of heat and electricity. Dull and not shiny. Less dense than metals. Have low melting and boiling points. Gasses, liquids, or solids at room temp. |
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Name 4 common properties of metals.
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You could choose from:
Malleable and ductile. Good conductors of heat & electricity. Lusterous and metallic colours. More dense than non-metals. Have high melting and boiling points. Solids at room temperature. |
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Where are the non-metals found on the periodic table?
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The top right portion of the periodic table, with the exception of hydrogen.
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What is the general equation for a carbonate reaction?
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______ carbonate + _______ acid = carbon dioxide + water + ______ ______
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If you mix CALCUIM CARBONATE + NITRIC ACID, what do you end up with?
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Carbon dioxide + water + CALCIUM NITRATE.
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How would you test if a gas is oxygen?
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Light a splint then blow out the flame. When the splint is glowing red, insert it into the test tube with the test substance. If the splint relights, it is oxygen.
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How would you test if a gas is hydrogen?
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Burn a splint and insert it into the test substance. If it goes out with a pop, the substance is hydrogen.
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How would you test if a gas is carbon dioxide?
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Bubble the test substance through limewater. If the limewater turns cloudy, the substance is carbon dioxide.
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Why are reactive metals more likely to be found as compound?
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When they are dug out of the ground, the metal will have likely reacted with other substances in the ground.
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How can you can tell if a change is a physical change?
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No new substance is formed, easily reversible, changes in shape, size, state of matter, or dissolving.
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How can you can tell if a change is a chemical change?
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New substance formed, hard to reverse, change in composition.
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Atomically speaking, what is an element?
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A substance which is only made up of one type of atom.
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What is a COMPOUND?
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A substance consisting of two or more elements bonded toghether to make molecules of the same type.
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What is a MIXTURE?
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Mixtures are two or more elements or computnds mixed together.
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What are REACTANTS?
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Reactabts are the substances used in a chemical reaction.
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What are PRODUCTS?
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Products that are created by combining reactants.
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What does COLLISION THEORY explain?
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Collision theory explains how reactions happen. Particles combine with each other when they react.
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List 4 factors affecting reaction rates.
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Concentration, temperature, surface area, reactivity.
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How does the concentration of a reactant affect the rate of reaction?
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The higher the concentration of a reactant means there are more particles to react with another. The more particles there are, the more reactions will take place.
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How does the temperature of a reactant affect the rate of reaction?
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The hotter a reactant is, the faster the paricles are moving. This means there are more collisions.
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How does the surface area of a reactant affect the rate of reaction?
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Larger surface areas allow the area for more reactants to combine. The larger the surface area, the more collisions will occur.
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How does the reactivity of a reactant affect the rate of reaction?
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Some elements are naturally more reactive than others.
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