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29 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Mendeleev

Credited with publication of the first periodic table

Atom

Smallest unit of an element that can exist without loss of identity

Halogens

Group VII elements with seven electrons in their valance shell

Substance

Matter that can be purified at the molecular level (all units have the same composition)

Alkali metals

Elements with one electron in their valence shell

Isotope

Two or more atoms with equal number protons but diff # of neutrons

Neutron

Atom particle with no charge

Bohr

Developed the planetary model of atomic structure

Proton

Positively charged particle located in the nucleus of an atom

Mass number

The sum of protons and neutrons in an atom

Atomic mass

Represents all the atoms of that element on planet earth

Atomic number

Equal to number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

Group

Verticle column of elements in the periodic table- a family of elements

Periodic table

Systematic arrangements of the elements based on the atomic number

Valence shell

Furthermost energy level in an atom that is occupied with electrons

Period

Horizontal row of elements in the periodic table

Significant figures

Digits expressed in a measurement quantity which convey its precission

Distillation

Purification technique employing first boiling a liquid and then condensation of vapor

Precision

Statment of how close several measured values are to each other

Filtration

Purification of a heterogeneous mixture by separation of solids from liquid

Accuracy

Statement of how close several measured values are to the true or acccepted value

Molecular formula

Combination ratio of atoms that represent the smallest recognizable unit of a molecular substance

Measurement

Comparison of an unknown quantity to a known reference standard

Heterogenous mixture

Composition of the matter varies

Homogeneous mixture

Composition is uniform throughout

Density

Mass per unit volume

Conversion (or unit) factor

Fraction where the numerator equals the denominator

Units and precision

Necessary components of a number for composition of a scientific measurements.

Matter

Everything in the universe that occupies space and had mass