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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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periodic law |
states that when the elements are arranged by increasing atomic number, there is a periodic repetition of their properties |
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group |
a vertical column of elements in the periodic table arranged in order of increasing atomic number; also called a family |
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period |
a horizontal row of elements in the modern periodic law |
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representative element |
elements from groups 1,2, and 13-18 in the modern periodic table, possessing a wide range of chemical and physical properties |
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transition element |
elements in groups 3-12 of the modern periodic table and further divided into transition metals and inner transition metals |
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metal |
an element that is solid at room temperature, a good conductor of heat and electricity, and generally is shiny; most metals are ductile and malleable |
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alkali metal |
group 1 metals, except for hydrogen, they are reactive and usually exist as compounds with other elements |
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alkaline metal |
group 2 elements in the modern periodic table and are highly reactive |
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transition metal |
an element in groups 3-12 of the modern periodic table with some exceptions, is characterized by a filled outermost orbital of energy level n, and filled or partially filled d orbitals of energy level n-1 |
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inner transition metal |
a type of group B element that is contained in the f-block of the periodic table and is characterized by a filled outermost orbital, and filled or partially filled 4f and 5f orbitals |
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lanthanide series |
in the periodic table, the f-block elements from period 6 that follow the element lanthanum |
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actinide series |
in the periodic table, the f-block elements from period 7 that follow the element actinium |
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nonmetal |
elements that are generally gasses or dull, brittle solids that are poor conductors of heat and electricity |
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halogen |
a highly reactive group 17 element |
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noble gas |
an extremely unreactive group 18 element |
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metalloid |
an element that has physical and chemical properties of both metals and nonmetals |
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ion |
an atom or bonded group of atoms with a positive or negative charge |
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ionization energy |
the energy required to remove an electron from a gaseous atom;generally increases in moving from left-to-right across a period and decreases in moving down a group |
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octet rule |
states that atoms lose, gain, or share electrons in order to acquire the stable electron configuration of a noble gas |
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electronegativity |
indicates the relative ability of an element's atoms to attract electrons in a chemical bond |
