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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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aliphatic
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no pi bonds on the molecule
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aromatic phenol pKa
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about 10 because of resonance
don't need super strong base to remove H |
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adding NO2 to a phenol group...
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drops pKa by about 3 for each addition
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Grignard reagent attacks...
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less substituted side
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Grignard reagents react ______ and ______ in water.
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vigorously and irreversibly in water, therefore rxn must be DRY
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Ring-breaking of an ester with LAH produces...
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an OH at both sides of break
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Two characteristics of thiols...
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1. They stink
2. pKa of 8-10 (follow periodic trend) |
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when carbocation is formed, __° is fastest to react
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3°
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Lucas reagent
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HCl and ZnCl2 (catalyst that aids H-Cl and -OH rxn)
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Best temperature for industrial dehydration of alcohols (symmetrical ether synthesis)
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140°C (higher temp mean elimination, lower wouldn't react this way)
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Why is the Industrial Synthesis of Ether rxn only good for symmetrical ethers?
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If you had 2 different alcohols, a mixture of ethers would be produced : ∅ good yield of 1 product
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Addition of N to alkyl cpds. associated with ______.
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N + alkyl halide associated with explosives.
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DNA and RNA are polymers with __________.
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DNA and RNA are polymers with phosphate esters.
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In W. Ether Synth.,
less hindered group = ? more hindered group = ? |
less hindered group should be alkyl halide / tosylate
more hindered group should be alkoxide (B:) |
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Why ethers make good solvent:
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-Non-reactive
-Slightly polar (dissolve lots of cpds.) -Available/Inexpensive -Volatile -Hydrogen bond acceptors |
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Crown ethers
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solvate specific cations based on size of cavity in middle
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Ethers can oxidize to _________.
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Ethers can oxidize to explosive peroxides!
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In cleavage of ethers by HI or HBr, when you reach a phenol...
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STOP! (will not react further)
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To deprotonate a thiol, how strong a base do I need?
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Just strong.
NaOH will do. |
