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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Chemistry |
The study of matter and the changes that matter undergoes |
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Matter |
Anything that has mass and takes up space (book,desk,sugar,salt,air) |
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Law of conservation of matter |
Matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction |
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Pure substance |
Matter with same properties and composition throughout Two types: elements and compounds |
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Elements |
Simplest form of matter cannot be broken down by chemical change |
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Compounds |
2 or more different elements chemically combined in a definite ratio (definite proportions) |
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Binary compounds |
2 or more different elements in a formula |
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Ternary compounds |
3 different elements in a formula |
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Mixture |
2 or more substances that are physically combined |
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Homogeneous mixture |
Composition is uniform throughout |
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Heterogeneous mixture |
Composition is NOT uniform throughout |
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Filtration |
Separation of a solid from a liquid |
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Distillation |
Separation by boiling. |
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Magnet |
Separation of magnetic materials from materials that are not magnetic |
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Chromatography |
Separate different types of molecules using their differences in attraction to another material |
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Centrifuge |
Uses a fast spinning instrument to separate materials based on density |
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Physical properties |
Properties that can be measured without changing the substance into another substance |
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Chemical properties |
Properties that when measured will change a substance into different substances |
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Combustibility |
How readily one substance reacts with another |
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Chemical reactivity |
How readily one substance reacts with another |
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Physical change |
A change where the substance retains its original identity |
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Chemical change |
A change where the substances identity changes |
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Solids |
Definite shape Definite volume Particles packed close together in regular geometric pattern Particles vibrate in fixed positions |
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Liquids |
No definite shape Definite volume Particles packed less closely than in solids Particles move slowly past one another |
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Gas |
No definite shape No definite volume Particles far apart Particles free to move |
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Energy |
The ability to do work |
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Potential energy |
Stored energy |
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Kinetic energy |
Energy in motion |
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Mechanical |
Moving parts of machine |
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Heat |
Moving particles of matter |
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Chemical |
Stored in chemical bond |
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Gravitational |
Energy due to position |
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Nuclear energy |
Energy released in a nuclear reaction |
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Law of conservation of energy |
Energy cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction. Energy changes form |
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Endothermic |
Energy is absorbed |
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Exothermic |
Energy is released |
