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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a co-ordinate covalent compound? When does it occur?
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A covalent bond where one atom contributes all of the electrons.
Occurs when a filled atomic orbital overlaps with and empty one. |
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What are resonance structures?
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models that give the same relative position of atoms as in lewis structure, but show different places for their bonding and lone pairs
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Do resonance structures exist in reality? What are they actually like?
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No, molecules would be a combination of all their resonance structures.
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What is a resonance hybrid?
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A weighted average between two or more resonance structures.
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What is an expanded valence energy level>
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When the valence energy level of a central atom has more than eight electrons
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What are the four possibilites for non-octet compounds (expanded valence energy level)?
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1. where more than 4 atoms are bonded to the central atom.
2. A noble gas is participating in bonding. 3. where the central atom has less than 8 valence electrons 4. where molecules contain an odd number of non-bonding electrons. |
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What did Ronald Gillespie develop and what is it?
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The Valence-Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory.
It is a model for the prediction of the shape of molecules. |
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What does the VSEPR theory say about bonding and lone pairs?
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Lone pairs have the greatest repulsion and will spread out more than a bonded pair. Bonded pairs are more localized between the atomic nuclei so they spread out less than LP. LP-BP are inbetween.
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What does electron group arrangement refer to?
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The ways in which groups of valence electrons are positioned around the central atom.
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What are the 5 electron group arrangements?
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1. linear
2. trigonal planar 3. tetrahedral 4. trigonal bipyramidal 5. octahedral |
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In VSEPR notation, what does each letter represent?
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A is the central atom
X represent a bonding pair E represents a lone pair of electrons |
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How is the polarity of a molecule determined?
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By its shape and its individual bonds.
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