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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The ability of an object to produce a change in itself or surroundings, the capacity to do work or produce heat
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Energy
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The energy a body has due to its motion
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Kinetic energy
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The energy stored in an object; usually due to its position or state
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Potential energy
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The average kinetic energy of the particles which make up the body
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Temperature
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The internal energy of an object that can be transferred
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Heat
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The temperature necessary for an object to have no internal kinetic energy
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Absolute zero
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The amount of heat necessary to raise the temperature of 1g of H2O by 1K
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Calorie
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Anything that has mass and volume
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Matter
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Has a definite shape and volume
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Solid
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Definite volume and no definite shape
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Liquid
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Indefinite volume and shape
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Gas
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Same properties of gas except composed with electrically charged particles
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Plasma
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Any change that might significantly alter the appearance but doesn't change the identity of the substance
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Physical change
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Any change that alters the identity if the substance
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Chemical change
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Any substance that cannot be separated into simples substances by chemical or physical means
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Element
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The smallest part of an element that still retains the chemical properties if that element
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Atom
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Two or more elements combined in a fixed proportion
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Conpound
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A blend if two or more pure substances where each substance retains its chemical properties
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Mixture
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Any mixture with a varying composition
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Heterogeneous mixture
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Any mixture that has a uniform composition throughout the mixture
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Homogeneous mixture
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Law of Conservation of energy
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Energy cannot be created nor destroyed it can only change form
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Law of conservation of matter
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Matter like energy cannot be created nor destroyed
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Law of conservation of mass/energy
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While matter and energy cannot be created nor destroyed mass can be changed into energy or vice-versa
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Law of definite proportions
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Regardless of the mass of a compound it is always composed of the same elements in the same proportions by mass
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SI unit for temperature
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Kelvin
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SI unit for energy
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Joules
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Mechanical equivalent of heat
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1 cal = 4.184 J
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How many natural occurring elements
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90
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Class chart: Matter
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Mixtures -- Pure substances
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Mixtures
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Heterogeneous -- homogeneous
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Pure substances
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Elements -- compounds
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