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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cations
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When an atom has lost valence electrons and has an overall positive charge
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Anions
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When an atom has gained valence electrons and has an overall negative charge.
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Electronegativity
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The electron-attracting power of an atom
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Ions
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Charged atoms that have lost of gained electrons
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Ionic Compounds
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-are crystalline solids
-have high melting and boiling points (large amount of energy is needed to separate ions) -Can not conduct electricity (charged particles can not move) -Are hard -Dissolve in water to form ions -will only conduct electricity when molten or in aqueous solution -are brittle (the ions move apart when hit and then repel each other |
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Structure of metals
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-Low electornegativities
-Form crystal lattices -Electrostatic forces hold the positively charged cation and the electrons together - |
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Properties of metals
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-lustrous
-Conducts heat -Conducts electricity current. -Malleable -Ductile -High melting point -Hard -Dense |
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Lustrous
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light reflects on electrons causing a shine
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Conducts heat
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electrons gain kinetic energy and transfer it quickly to other parts of the metal, transferring heat
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Conducts electricity
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when an electric filed is applied, electrons move toward the positive end. the movement causes an electric
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Density
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due to the metallic lattices being closely packed
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Annealed
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Metal heated until read hot then cooled slowly. Larger crystals form and the metal will be softer.... used to restore ductility
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Quenched
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Heated until red hot then cooled quickly in water. Smaller crystals are formed making the metal harder but more brittle
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Tempered
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Quenched metals are warmed again at a lower temp. and allowed to cool slowly. Reduced the brittleness yet retains the hardness.
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Molar mass
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Is the mass of one mole of that element. Units are gmol-1
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