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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What salt is made from a rxn between a strong base and a weak acid? |
Basic Salt |
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What salt is made from a rxn between a strong acid and a weak base? |
Acidic |
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Cations in acidic salt are formed by a conjugate _____ of a weak ______ |
Acid; Base |
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An anion in acidic salts is made from a conjugate _____ of a weak _____ |
Base; Acid |
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Compounds formed when H+ adds to a polyatomic ion |
Oxyacid |
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An (increase/decrease) in oxidation number results in a (stronger/weaker) oxyacid? |
Increase; Stronger |
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As the negative charge increases in a polyatomic anion, does the basicity increase or decrease? |
Increase |
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When H is attached to some other anion rather than polyatomic anions |
Binary Acid |
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The more polarized the H-X bond, the more acidic or basic? |
Acidic |
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What are the periodic trends of binary acids? |
Strength increases across a period and down a column |
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Arrhenius definition of acids |
Increase in concentration of H+ in H2O |
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Do strong acids accept or donate a H+? |
Donate |
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Are acids an electron pair acceptor or donator? |
Acceptor |
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What is the arrhenius definition of a base? |
An increase in concentration of OH- in H2O |
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Do bases accept or donate hydrogen ions? |
Accept |
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Do bases accept or donate electron pairs? |
Donate |
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What are the six strong acids? |
HCl, HNO3, H2SO4, HBr, HClO4, HI |
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What do hydronium (H30+) ions form from? |
H2O and H+ |
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Formula for Kw |
Kw = [H3O+][OH-] |
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Leveling effect |
Strongest acid and base in H2O is H3O+ and OH- |
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Which side of the rxn does thermodynamics favor? |
The side with the weaker acid and base |
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A strong A or B indicates complete ionization. So, ka or kb is > or < 1? |
> |
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A weak A or B indicates partial ionization. So, ka or kb is > or < 1? |
< |
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What is percent ionization? And the formula |
% of acid molecules that ionize. (M of ionized acid)/(initial M of acid) × 100 |
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The higher % ionization = stronger or weaker acid? |
Stronger acid |
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How is the pH of salt determined? |
By the origins of the salt's cation and anion |
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A rxn between strong A and strong B produces which kind of salt? |
Neutral |
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What is a buffer? |
A solution that resists pH change |
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Why can't you use strong acids or bases to create a buffer? |
They do not establish an equilibrium |
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The amount of acid or base a buffer can neutralize (or the amount of acid or base that can be added to a buffer without destroying it's effectiveness) |
Buffering capacity |
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The pH range in which the buffer can be effective |
Buffering range |
