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95 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Accuracy
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a measurement is how close a result comes to the true value.
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Anion
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Atom or group of atoms carrying a negative electric charge, indicated by a superscript minus sign after the chemical symbol.
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Annoying people make me negative
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Atom
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The smallest object that retains properties of an element.
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Atomic mass units (AMU)
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exactly 1/12 the mass of an atom of carbon-12, the isotope of carbon with six protons and six neutrons in its nucleus. One amu is equal to approximately 1.66 × 10 - 24 grams.
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Atomic number
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the number of protons found in the nucleus of an atom of that element.
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Atomic radii
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The atomic radius of a chemical element is a measure of the size of its atoms, usually the mean or typical distance from the nucleus to the boundary of the surrounding cloud of electrons.
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Radius
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Avogadro's constant
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6.022 x 10 -23 (10 to the 23rd)
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+ Add a hint
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Cation
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if a neutral atom loses one or more electrons, it has a net positive charge and is known as a cation.
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Cats are positive.
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Chemical properties
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a property or characteristic of a substance that is observed during a reaction in which the chemical composition or identity of the substance is changed
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Identity change
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Closed system
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can exchange energy (as heat or work) but not matter, with its surroundings.
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Colloid
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A heterogeneous mixture in which solute-like particles do not settle out.
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Compounds
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substance formed when two or more chemical elements are chemically bonded together.
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Coulomb forces
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The force of attraction between positive and negative charges.
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Opposites attract
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Dependent variable
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changes in response to changes in independent variables .
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Directly proportional
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that the rate of increase in one
variable is the same as the rate of increase in the other variable. |
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Electron capture
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a type of radioactive decay where the nucleus of an atom absorbs a K or L shell electron and converts a proton into a neutron.
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Frequency (v)
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The number of waves in a given amount of time.
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Molecule
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The smallest unit of a substance that keeps all of the physical and chemical properties of that substance; it can consist of one atom or two or more atom bonded together
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Nuclear binding energy
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The energy released when a nucleus is formed from nucleons
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Nuclear fission
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The splitting of the nucleus of a large atom into two or more fragments; releases additional neutrons and energy.
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Nuclear forces
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The interaction that binds protons and neutrons, protons and protons, and neutrons and neutrons together in a nucleus.
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Nuclear fusion
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The combination of the nuclei of a small atoms to form a larger nucleus; releases energy
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Half life
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The time required for half of a sample of a radioactive substance to disintegrate by radioactive decay or by natural process.
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Heisenburg's uncertainty principal
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The principal that states that determining both the position and the velocity of an electron or any other particle simultaneously is impossible.
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Hund's rule
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The rule that states that for an atom in the ground state, the number of unpaired electrons is the maximum possible and these unpaired electrons have the same spin
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Intensive property
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A property that does not depend on the amount of matter present, such as pressure, temperature, or density.
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Inverse proportion
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The relationship between two variables whose product is constant.
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Ionization
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The process of adding or removing electrons from an atom or molecule, which gives the atom or molecule a net charge.
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Isotope
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An atom that has the same number of protons (or the same atomic number) as other atoms of the same element do but that has a different number of neutrons (and thus a deferent atomic number.)
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Mixture
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A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined
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Mole
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The SI base unit used to measure the amount of a substance who number or particles are the same as the number of atoms if carbon in exactly 12 g of carbon-12
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Frequency (v)
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The number of waves in a given amount of time.
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Molecule
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The smallest unit of a substance that keeps all of the physical and chemical properties of that substance; it can consist of one atom or two or more atom bonded together
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Nuclear binding energy
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The energy released when a nucleus is formed from nucleons
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Nuclear fission
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The splitting of the nucleus of a large atom into two or more fragments; releases additional neutrons and energy.
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Nuclear forces
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The interaction that binds protons and neutrons, protons and protons, and neutrons and neutrons together in a nucleus.
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Nuclear fusion
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The combination of the nuclei of a small atoms to form a larger nucleus; releases energy
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Nucleon
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A proton or neutron
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Nuclide
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An atom that is identified by the number of protons and neutrons in it's nucleus
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Pauli excision principal
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The principal that state that if two partials of a certain class cannot be in exactly the same energy state
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% error
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A figure that is calculated by subtracting the accepted value from the experimental value, dividing the difference by the accepted value, then multiplying by 100
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Periodic law
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The law that states that the repeating chemical and physical properties of elements change periodically with the atomic numbers of the element
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Half life
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The time required for half of a sample of a radioactive substance to disintegrate by radioactive decay or by natural process.
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Photoelectric effect
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The emission of electrons from a material when light of certain frequencies shines on the surface of the material
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Photon
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A unit or quantum of light; a particle of an electromagnetic radiation that has a zero rest mass and carries a quantum of energy
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Physical properties
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A characteristic of a substance that does not involve a chemical change, such as density, color, or hardness
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Positron
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A particle that has the same mass and spin as an electron but has a positive charge
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Precision
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The exactness of measurement to the accepted value
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Pure substance quantum
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A sample of matter, either a single element or a single compound, that has a definite chemical and physical properties
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Quantum
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A basic unit of electromagnetic energy; it characterizes the wave properties of electrons
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Radioactive decay
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The Disintegration of an unstable atomic nucleus into one or more different nuclides, accompanied by the emission of radiation, the nuclear capture of ejection of electrons, and fission.
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Scientific notation.
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A method of expressing a quantity as a number multiplied by 10 to the appropriate power
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Wavelength
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A distance from any point on a wave to an identical point on the exact wave
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Heisenburg's uncertainty principal
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The principal that states that determining both the position and the velocity of an electron or any other particle simultaneously is impossible.
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Hund's rule
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The rule that states that for an atom in the ground state, the number of unpaired electrons is the maximum possible and these unpaired electrons have the same spin
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Intensive property
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A property that does not depend on the amount of matter present, such as pressure, temperature, or density.
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Inverse proportion
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The relationship between two variables whose product is constant.
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Ionization
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The process of adding or removing electrons from an atom or molecule, which gives the atom or molecule a net charge.
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Isotope
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An atom that has the same number of protons (or the same atomic number) as other atoms of the same element do but that has a different number of neutrons (and thus a deferent atomic number.)
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Mixture
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A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined
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Mole
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The SI base unit used to measure the amount of a substance who number or particles are the same as the number of atoms if carbon in exactly 12 g of carbon-12
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Frequency (v)
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The number of waves in a given amount of time.
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Molecule
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The smallest unit of a substance that keeps all of the physical and chemical properties of that substance; it can consist of one atom or two or more atom bonded together
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Nuclear binding energy
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The energy released when a nucleus is formed from nucleons
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Nuclear fission
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The splitting of the nucleus of a large atom into two or more fragments; releases additional neutrons and energy.
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Nuclear forces
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The interaction that binds protons and neutrons, protons and protons, and neutrons and neutrons together in a nucleus.
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Nuclear fusion
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The combination of the nuclei of a small atoms to form a larger nucleus; releases energy
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Nucleon
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A proton or neutron
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Nuclide
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An atom that is identified by the number of protons and neutrons in it's nucleus
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Pauli excision principal
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The principal that state that if two partials of a certain class cannot be in exactly the same energy state
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% error
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A figure that is calculated by subtracting the accepted value from the experimental value, dividing the difference by the accepted value, then multiplying by 100
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Periodic law
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The law that states that the repeating chemical and physical properties of elements change periodically with the atomic numbers of the element
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Half life
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The time required for half of a sample of a radioactive substance to disintegrate by radioactive decay or by natural process.
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Photoelectric effect
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The emission of electrons from a material when light of certain frequencies shines on the surface of the material
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Photon
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A unit or quantum of light; a particle of an electromagnetic radiation that has a zero rest mass and carries a quantum of energy
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Physical properties
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A characteristic of a substance that does not involve a chemical change, such as density, color, or hardness
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Positron
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A particle that has the same mass and spin as an electron but has a positive charge
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Precision
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The exactness of measurement to the accepted value
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Pure substance quantum
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A sample of matter, either a single element or a single compound, that has a definite chemical and physical properties
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Quantum
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A basic unit of electromagnetic energy; it characterizes the wave properties of electrons
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Radioactive decay
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The Disintegration of an unstable atomic nucleus into one or more different nuclides, accompanied by the emission of radiation, the nuclear capture of ejection of electrons, and fission.
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Scientific notation.
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A method of expressing a quantity as a number multiplied by 10 to the appropriate power
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Wavelength
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A distance from any point on a wave to an identical point on the exact wave
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Heisenburg's uncertainty principal
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The principal that states that determining both the position and the velocity of an electron or any other particle simultaneously is impossible.
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Hund's rule
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The rule that states that for an atom in the ground state, the number of unpaired electrons is the maximum possible and these unpaired electrons have the same spin
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Intensive property
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A property that does not depend on the amount of matter present, such as pressure, temperature, or density.
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Inverse proportion
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The relationship between two variables whose product is constant.
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Ionization
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The process of adding or removing electrons from an atom or molecule, which gives the atom or molecule a net charge.
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Isotope
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An atom that has the same number of protons (or the same atomic number) as other atoms of the same element do but that has a different number of neutrons (and thus a deferent atomic number.)
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Mixture
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A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined
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Mole
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The SI base unit used to measure the amount of a substance who number or particles are the same as the number of atoms if carbon in exactly 12 g of carbon-12
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Aufbau's constant
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The principal that states that the structure or each successive element is obtained by adding one proton to the nucleus
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Aufbau's constant
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The principal that states that the structure or each successive element is obtained by adding one proton to the nucleus
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Alpha particle emission
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A positively charged atom that is released in the disintegration of radioactive elements
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Beta emission
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A charged electron emitted during certain types of radioactive decay
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