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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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properties of gas
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variable shape
expand uniformly compress uniformly mix uniformly with other gases |
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density of air
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1 g / 1L (0.001 g/mL)
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gas pressure
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result of molecules constantly moving
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inventor of barometer
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Torrcelli
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sea level
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29.9 inches (1 atm)
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units of gas
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atmosphere- 1 atm exactly
in. of mercury- 29.9 in Hg exactly cent. of mercury- 760 cm Hg exactly mm. of mercury- 760 mm Hg exactly torr- 760 torr exactly pounds per sq. in.- 14.7 psi kilopascal- 101 kPsa |
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increase of volume
decrease of volume |
decrease of pressure
increase of pressure |
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increase of molecules
decrease of molecules |
pressure increase
pressure decrease |
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V is equal to
P is equal to R is equal to |
Volume
Pressure 0.0821 |
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charles law
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directly proportional to Kelvins volume and temperature increase
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Lussacs law
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pressure proportional to temperature
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absolute zero
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where pressure and temperature meet at absolute zero
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vapor pressure
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pressure exerted by vapor when rates of condensation and
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increase of temperature
decrease of temperature |
increase in pressure
decrease in pressure |
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final pressure if volume changes
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V1P1=V2P2
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final volume with temperature change
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V1T1=V2T2
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final temperature
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P1T2=P2T2
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combined gas law
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V1P1=V2P2
_____ _____ T1 T2 |
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partial pressure
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P1+ P2+ P3= P total
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core electrons
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not involved in bonding
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valence electrons
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involved in bonding
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cations
anions |
loses electrons
gain electrons |
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isoelectronic with
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noble gas
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ionic radii
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positive ions smaller than original atoms
negative ion larger |
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energy is released
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when a bond is formed
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covalent two nonmetals share electrons
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bond belong to both atoms
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bond length
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distance between two atoms and is smaller than radii ( less than sum of atomic radii)
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electronegativity
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ability of an atom to attract electrons
increases left to right across and bottom to top |
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Flourine
Cesium |
most electronegative
lowest electronegative |
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diatomic elements
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nonpolar; H2 N2 O2 F2 Cl2 Br2 I2
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nonpolar
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less than.5-.9
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polar covalent
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greater than .9-2
electrons not shared equally |
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ionic
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greater than 2
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coordinate covalent bonds
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one dominating atom an electron pair to another atom
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properties of liquids
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variable shape, fixed volume
flow readily, does not compress or expand high density and soluable mix homogeneously |
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intermolecular bond
intramolecular bond |
weak attractions between molecules
between atoms an molecules |
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hydrogen bond
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present when molecule has an N, F, or O bonded to an H
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dipole force
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permanent attraction
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dispersion force
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temporary dipole (wave)
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hydrate
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crystalline ionic compound containing water
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boiling point
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100 C 760 mm Hg(vapor pressure)
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viscosity
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resistance of liquid to flow
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surface tension
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attraction between surface molecules in a liquid
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properties of a solid
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fixed shape and volume
crystalline and noncrystalline dont compress/expand dont mix by diffusion higher density than liquids |
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heat is
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necessary to change physical change of a substance
melting/ vaporization/ fusion |
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ice values
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specific heat 0.50
fusion 80.0 |
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water values
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specific heat 1.00
solid 80.0 vapor 540 |
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steam values
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specific heat 0.48
condensation 540 |
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KE=1/2 mv ^2
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lower molar mass greater speed
higher molar mass lower speed |
