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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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homogenous mixture of 2 or more substances
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solution
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substance present in greatest quantity
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solvent
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other substances in solution; dissolve in solvent
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solutes
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conductivity in a solution indicates
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presence of ions in solution
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solution that produces ions
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electrolyte
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solution that does not produce ions
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nonelectrolyte
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water is a very effective solvent for
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ionic compounds
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process that stabilizes ions-preventing cations and anions from recombining
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solvation
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molecular compounds are usually
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nonelectrolytes
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what is the exception of molecular compounds being nonelectrolytes
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acids
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when solutes exist completely as ions
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strong electrolyte
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when solutes exist mostly in molecules
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weak electrolyte ex. acetic acid
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whether a substance is a strong or weak electrolyte does not determine how well it
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dissolves
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relative numbers of each type of ion or molecule are constant over time
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chemical equilibrium
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half-arrows are used to represent
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weak electrolytes
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single arrows are used to represent
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strong electrolytes
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soluble ionic compounds are
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strong electrolytes
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rxns that result in formation of an insoluble product
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precipitation rxn
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insoluble product in precipitation rxn
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precipitate
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amount of substance that can be dissolved in a given quantity of solvent
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solubility
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insoluble
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solubility is less than 0.01 mol/L
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why would a substance be insoluble?
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attractions between opposite ions in solid is too great for solvent to separate
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all common ionic compounds ofthe alkai metals(1A) and ammonia are
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soluble
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rxns in which positive ions and negative ions exchange pairs
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metathesis rxn
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ions that appear identical in both reactants and products
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spectator ions
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yield one H+ per molecule of acid
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monoprotic acids
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yields two H+ per molecule of acid
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diprotic acids
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only H bounded to the O will
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ionize
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substances that accept H+ ions and produce OH- ions when dissolved in water
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bases
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acids and bases may be strong or weak depending on how
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strong or weak they are as electrolytes
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solution of acid and solution of base mixed
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neutralization rxn
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neutralization rxns result in
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water and salt
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