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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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common name for propanoic acid
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propionic acid
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butanoic acid's common name
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butyric acid
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pentanoic acid's common name
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valeric acid
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hexanoic acid's common name
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caproic acid
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acid with a benzene ring
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benzoic acid
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naming esters
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alkyl name + acid name
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what do esters' names end with?
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-ate
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Naming amides
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N-name alkyls + acid name + amide
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acid and water react. what happens?
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acid is deprotanated (cuz that's what happens to an acid!) Water acts as base and becomes H30+.
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how to name a carboxylate ion
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acid name + -ate
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how to name propanoic acid that has an Na+ beside it?
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Sodium propanoate
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how to name a carboxylic acid salt
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Cation + acid name + -ate (2 words)
ex: sodium benzoate |
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What do an acid and an alcohol make?
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An ester and water
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When perplexed, when in doubt...
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circle the water and take it out
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how to name an anhydride
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name it after the acids it's made out of
ex: ethanoic anhydride |
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how does a phosphoric acid look in an acidic solution?
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protonated.
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how does a phosphoric acid look in a basic or neutral sol'n?
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deprotonated.
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how to name a phosphoric acid
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name it like an ester.
ex: methyl diphosphate or dimethyl phosphate |
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in naming esters, how do you tell acid & akyl group parts?
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anything past the -O of the acid is not part of the acid.
O || C - O- NOT AN ACID OUT HERE |
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What happens to an amine when it is acid catalyzed?
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Amines are bases, so it gets protonated (so becomes N+ ammonium)
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What happens to an acid when it is base catylyzed?
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acid is deprotonated
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Something is only an amide if...
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the carbonyl and the N are TOUCHING in the compound.
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what makes an amide
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carboxylic acid + amine
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How do I know who to take an O from?
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Don't take it from the alcohol. Ever.
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When naming esters, which side do I name first?
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The O side (the alcohol)
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In suponification (base catalyzed reaction), who loses an H?
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Well, think about it. Which is more acidic, an ACID or an alcohol?
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Ack. I'm looking at a phosphoric acid and it just confuses me. What do I do?
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Think of it as an acid.
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Name a phosphoric acid with an ethyl on three sides.
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triethyl phosphate
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