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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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molecule
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the smallest electrically neutral unit of a substance that still has the properties of the substance
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diatomic
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molecule made of 2 atoms
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triatomic
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molecule made of 3 atoms
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monotomic
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molecule made of 1 atom
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2 properties of a monotomic molecule
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stable and nonreactant
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why do atoms band with other atoms?
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to achieve stability
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what kind of elements don't generally react with other atoms
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noble gases
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why don't noble gases generally react with other atoms
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because they are stable as they are
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2CO
3 name the coefficient and subscript and what they mean |
coefficient-2-refers to the entire molecule
subscript-3-refers to the thing right before it |
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what do you do first, subscript or coefficient?
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subscript
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characteristics of molecules (3)
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1. low melting point
2. low boiling point 3. generally are gases |
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characteristics of ionic compounds
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1. high melting and boiling pt.
2. solid at room temp. 3. crystalline 4. do not conduct electricity in the solid state |
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electronegativity
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a tendancy of an atom to attract electrons when it is chemically combined with another element
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why is there no way to measure the electronegativity of noble gases?
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because they don't react with any other atoms
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on the reference table, where are the atoms with greatest electronegativity and the least electronegativity?
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greatest=upper right
least=lower left |
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ionic bond
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transfer of electrons
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covalent bond
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sharing of electrons
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when does an ionic bond result
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results when the difference of the electronegativity is 1.7 or greater
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when does a covalent bond result
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when the difference of electronegativity of the atoms is less than 1.7
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which kind of elements have high electronegavitiy and which have low
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high-nonmetals
low-metals |
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what is an ionic bond between
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metal and nonmetals
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2 kinds of ionic compounds
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1. binary
2. ternary |
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binary ionic compounds
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2
ex. AB |
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which lose and which gain electrons
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metals lose, nonmetals gain
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ternary ionic compounds
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3
ex. ABC |
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cation
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any atom or group of atoms that has a positive charge; metals
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anion
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an atom of group of atoms with a negative charge; nonmetals
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how do you get an atom to be stable
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give it a complete outer shell
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stable octet
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stable outer shell
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formula unit
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what we call any ionic compound-must be neutral
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other names for formula unit
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chemical compounds or ionic compounds
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polyatomic ions
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have more than one atom
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what must the net ionic charge of the formula be?
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zero
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what does the ionic formula show
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the relationship (ratio) between the components
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when are parentheses used in formulas
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when there is more than one polyatomic ion
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when is an ion that looks like a polyatomic ion not a polyatomic ion?>
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when it has no charge
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stock system
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roman numerals
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what elements give up electrons
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nonmetals
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which elements gain electrons
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metals
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waht does it mean when it is an -ide ending
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the ion is an element and an anion
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what kind of charge do metallic ions have
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positive
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what kind of charge do nonmetallic ions have
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negative
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